Dataset: birds
Deployment: NH0007

Birds from NEP NCC, R/V New Horizon

Principal Investigator:

David G. Ainley (H.T. Harvey & Associates)

Co-Principal Investigator:

Cynthia Tynan (Northwest Fisheries Science Center - Seattle, NOAA NWFSC)

BCO-DMO Data Manager:

Ms Dicky Allison (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Project:

U.S. GLOBEC Northeast Pacific (NEP)

Data URL:

https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset-deployment/450445/data

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Description

GLOBEC NEP Northern California Current Bird Data
R/V New Horizon cruises NH0005 and 0007

NOTES:
(1) Please see companion file named 'metabirds', which is supporting data for Bird Observations.

(2) The following documentation is extracted from:
David G. Ainley, Larry B. Spear, Cynthia T. Tynan, John A. Barth, Stephen D. Pierce, R. Glenn Ford and Timothy J. Cowles, 2005. Physical and biological variables affecting seabird distributions during the upwelling season of the northern California Current. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, Volume 52, Issues 1-2, January 2005, Pages 123-143

As a part of the GLOBEC-Northeast Pacific project, we investigated variation in the abundance of marine birds in the context of biological and physical habitat conditions in the northern portion of the California Current System (CCS) during cruises during the upwelling season 2000. Continuous surveys of seabirds were conducted simultaneously in June (onset of upwelling) and August (mature phase of upwelling).

(3) Caution. Wind speed and direction may not be corrected for ship motion.

(4) Additional documentation, in the form of references, was provided by Dr. Ainley.

L.B. Spear, N. Nur & D.G. Ainley. 1992. Estimating absolute densities of flying seabirds using analyses of relative movement. Auk 109:385-389.
L.B. Spear & D.G. Ainley. 1997. Flight behaviour of seabirds in relation to wind direction and wing morphology. Ibis 139: 221-233.
L.B. Spear & D.G. Ainley. 1997. Flight speed of seabirds in relation to wind speed and direction. Ibis 139: 234-251.
L.B. Spear, D.G. Ainley, B.D. Hardesty, S.N.G. Howell & S.G. Webb. 2004. Reducing biases affecting at-sea surveys of seabirds: use of multiple observer teams. Marine Ornithology 32: 147-157.

**Species Codes**
Code	Description
AKCA	Cassin's Auklet
AKPA	Parakeet Auklet
AKRH	Rhinoceros Auklet
ALBF	Black-footed Albatross
ALLA	Laysan Albatross
COBR	Brandt's Cormorant
COPE	Pelagic Cormorant
FUNO	Northern Fulmar
GUCA	California Gull
GUGW	Glaucous-winged Gull
GUHR	Heermann's Gull
GUPI	Pigeon Guillemot
GURB	Ring-bill Gull
GUSA	Sabine's Gull
GUWE	Western Gull
JALT	Long-tailed Jaeger
JAPA	Parasitic Jaeger
JAPO	Pomarine Jaeger
LOAR	Pacific Loon
LOCO	Common Loon
MUCO	Common Murre
MUMA	Marbled Murrelet
MUXA	Xantus' Murrelet
PELB	Brown Pelican
PHNO	Red-necked Phalarope
PHRE	Red Phalarope
SHFF	Flesh-footed Shearwater
SHPF	Pink-footed Shearwater
SHSO	Sooty Shearwater
SKMA	South Polar Skua
STFT	Fork-tailed Storm-Petrel
STLE	Leach's Storm-Petrel
TEAR	Arctic Tern

**Behavior Codes**
Code	Description
1	Flying directionally
2	Sitting on water
3	Feeding

Any questions about the data, please contact the PIs:
David G. Ainley: dainley@penguinscience.com
Cyndy Tynan: ctynan@whoi.edu

updated Sept 08. 2005; gfh

Methods & Sampling

Dataset acquisition description

Seabird surveys were conducted continuously during daylight, using a 300-m-wide transect strip. Within that strip, birds were counted that occurred within the 90 degree quadrant off the ship's bow that offered the best observation conditions.

Deployment-specific acquisition description

Data Processing Description

Dataset Processing Description

Observed counts of seabirds recorded as flying in a steady direction were adjusted for the effect of flight speed and direction relative to that of the ship (Spear et al., 1992; Spear and Ainley, 1997b). The effect of such flux is the most serious bias encountered during seabird surveys at sea (Spear et al., 2005). Known as random directional movement (as opposed to nonrandom directional movement, which occurs when birds are attracted or repelled from the survey vessel), this problem usually results in density overestimation because most species fly faster than survey vessels; densities of birds that fly slower or at a similar speed as the survey vessel (e.g., storm-petrels), or are flying in the same direction, are usually underestimated (Spear et al., 1992)

Deployment-specific processing description

More information about this dataset deployment

Funding

Award Number	Funding Source
OCE-0534609	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
unknown NEP NOAA	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Instruments

Binoculars Handheld

Supplied Name: Binoculars, Handheld

Supplied Description:

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Binoculars Handheld

Acronym: Binoculars

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/91/

Generic Description:

Handheld binoculars, generally used for bird or mammal observations.

Parameters

Supplied Name	Supplied description	Supplied Units	Standard Name
yrday_local	Yearday based on Julian calendar, local time.	dimensionless	yrday_local
month_local	Month of year, local time (01-12).	dimensionless	month_local
day_local	Day of month, local time (01-31).	dimensionless	day_local
trans_id	Identification number for transect,	dimensionless	transect
trans_no	Transect number, year day and transect number for that day.	dimensionless	transect
species	Species code. (see above)	dimensionless	species
number	Unadjusted number of birds recorded.	integer (count)	number
number_adj	Number of birds recorded after adjustment for the effect of bird movement relative to that of the ship (flux).	dimensionless	no_bcodmo_term
lat	Latitude at beginning of the transect, negative = South	decimal degrees	lat
lon	Longitude at beginning of the transect, negative = West	decimal degrees	lon
head_c	Ship course given as compass direction to the nearest 10 degrees, divided by 10. (e.g., a course of 180 degrees is recorded as 18).	degrees	heading
area	Ocean area surveyed in that transect.	kilometers<sup>2</sup>	no_bcodmo_term
wspd	Wind speed.	knots	wind_speed_kts
flight_dir	Flight direction to nearest 10 degrees, divided by 10.	degrees	flight_dir
behav_code	Bird behavior (see below for explanation of code).	dimensionless	behav_code
year	Four-digit year.	dimensionless	year

Database

Contribute Data

Dataset: birds
Deployment: NH0007

Dataset acquisition description

Deployment-specific acquisition description

Dataset Processing Description

Deployment-specific processing description

Database

Contribute Data

Dataset: birdsDeployment: NH0007

Dataset acquisition description

Deployment-specific acquisition description

Dataset Processing Description

Deployment-specific processing description

Dataset: birds
Deployment: NH0007