| Contributors | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Quay, Paul | University of Washington (UW) | Principal Investigator |
| Zhang, Jianrong | University of Washington (UW) | Co-Principal Investigator |
| Chandler, Cynthia L. | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO) | BCO-DMO Data Manager |
See Platform deployments for cruise specific documentation
| Parameter | Description | Units |
| event | event number from cruise logs | MMDDhhmm |
| sta | station number | |
| lat_n | nominal latitude of station, (- south indicator) | whole degrees |
| lon_n | nominal longitude of station, (- west indicator) | whole degrees |
| cast | CTD rosette cast number | |
| bot | rosette bottle number | |
| press | sample depth reported as pressure | decibars |
| TCO2_man | total carbon dioxide in seawater, manometric method | micromoles C/kilogram |
| delta13C | ratio carbon 12 to carbon 13 corrected to PDB standard | |
| delta18O | ratio oxygen 16 to oxygen 18 corrected to PDB standard, delta 18O are for the oxygen in CO2 converted from DIC. | |
| q_flag | quality flag, applies to all samples 2 means ok 3 indicates a questionable sample |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Niskin Bottle |
| Generic Instrument Name | Niskin bottle |
| Dataset-specific Description | CTD clean rosette (Niskin) bottles were used to collect water samples. |
| Generic Instrument Description | A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc. |
| Website | |
| Platform | R/V Thomas G. Thompson |
| Start Date | 1992-01-30 |
| End Date | 1992-03-13 |
| Description | Purpose: Spring Survey Cruise; 12°N-12°S at 140°W
TT007 was one of five cruises conducted in 1992 in support of the U.S. Equatorial Pacific (EqPac) Process Study. The five EqPac cruises aboard R/V Thomas G. Thompson included two repeat meridional sections (12°N - 12°S), 2 equatorial surveys, and a benthic survey (all at 140° W). The scientific objectives of this study were to observe the processes in the Equatorial Pacific controlling the fluxes of carbon and related elements between the atmosphere, euphotic zone, and deep ocean. As luck would have it, the survey window coincided with an El Nino event. A bonus for the research team. Methods & Sampling PI: Paul Quay and Jianrong Zhang of: University of Washington dataset: Dissolved Inorganic Carbon, delta13C and delta18O dates: February 04, 1992 to March 09, 1992 location: N: 11.9685 S: -12.1049 W: -140.4302 E: -134.7928 project/cruise: EQPAC/TT007 - Spring Survey ship: Thomas Thompson The methodology is described in the following literature: 1. Kroopnick P. M. (1974) The dissolved O2-CO2-13C system in the eastern equatorial Pacific. Deep-Sea Research, 21, 211-227. 2. Quay P. D., B. Tilbrook and C. S. Wong (1992) Oceanic uptake of fossil fuel CO2:Carbon-13 Evidence, Science, 256, 74-79. EqPac bottle quality review summary from DMO DMO cautionary note: The DMO suspects a misalignment of either bottle number or the corresponding depth/pressure for event number 03010354. Possible solutions are: bottle 19 at 54 meters or bottle 18 at 64 meters. |
| Website | |
| Platform | R/V Thomas G. Thompson |
| Start Date | 1992-08-05 |
| End Date | 1992-09-18 |
| Description | Purpose: Fall Survey; 12°N-12°S at 140°W
TT011 was one of five cruises conducted in 1992 in support of the U.S. Equatorial Pacific (EqPac) Process Study. The five EqPac cruises aboard R/V Thomas G. Thompson included two repeat meridional sections (12°N - 12°S), 2 equatorial surveys, and a benthic survey (all at 140° W). The scientific objectives of this study were to observe the processes in the Equatorial Pacific controlling the fluxes of carbon and related elements between the atmosphere, euphotic zone, and deep ocean. As luck would have it, the survey window coincided with an El Nino event. A bonus for the research team. Methods & Sampling PI: Paul Quay and Jianrong Zhang of: University of Washington dataset: Total carbon dioxide, delta13C and delta18O dates: August 10, 1992 to September 13, 1992 location: N: 12.005 S: -11.9033 W: -140.5467 E: -134.9433 project/cruise: EQPAC/TT011 - Fall Survey ship: Thomas Thompson The methodology is described in the following literature: 1. Kroopnick P. M. (1974) The dissolved O2-CO2-13C system in the eastern equatorial Pacific. Deep-Sea Research, 21, 211-227. 2. Quay P. D., B. Tilbrook and C. S. Wong (1992) Oceanic uptake of fossil fuel CO2:Carbon-13 Evidence, Science, 256, 74-79. EqPac bottle quality review summary from DMO |
The U.S. EqPac process study consisted of repeat meridional sections (12°N -12°S) across the equator in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific from 95°W to 170°W during 1992. The major scientific program was focused at 140° W consisting of two meridional surveys, two equatorial surveys, and a benthic survey aboard the R/V Thomas Thompson. Long-term deployments of current meter and sediment trap arrays augmented the survey cruises. NOAA conducted boreal spring and fall sections east and west of 140°W from the R/V Baldridge and R/V Discoverer. Meteorological and sea surface observations were obtained from NOAA's in place TOGA-TAO buoy network.
The scientific objectives of this study were to determine the fluxes of carbon and related elements, and the processes controlling these fluxes between the Equatorial Pacific euphotic zone and the atmosphere and deep ocean. A broad overview of the program at the 140°W site is given by Murray et al. (Oceanography, 5: 134-142, 1992). A full description of the Equatorial Pacific Process Study, including the international context and the scientific results, appears in a series of Deep-Sea Research Part II special volumes:
Topical Studies in Oceanography, A U.S. JGOFS Process Study in the Equatorial Pacific (1995), Deep-Sea Research Part II, Volume 42, No. 2/3.
Topical Studies in Oceanography, A U.S. JGOFS Process Study in the Equatorial Pacific. Part 2 (1996), Deep-Sea Research Part II, Volume 43, No. 4/6.
Topical Studies in Oceanography, A U.S. JGOFS Process Study in the Equatorial Pacific (1997), Deep-Sea Research Part II, Volume 44, No. 9/10.
Topical Studies in Oceanography, The Equatorial Pacific JGOFS Synthesis (2002), Deep-Sea Research Part II, Volume 49, Nos. 13/14.
The United States Joint Global Ocean Flux Study was a national component of international JGOFS and an integral part of global climate change research.
The U.S. launched the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) in the late 1980s to study the ocean carbon cycle. An ambitious goal was set to understand the controls on the concentrations and fluxes of carbon and associated nutrients in the ocean. A new field of ocean biogeochemistry emerged with an emphasis on quality measurements of carbon system parameters and interdisciplinary field studies of the biological, chemical and physical process which control the ocean carbon cycle. As we studied ocean biogeochemistry, we learned that our simple views of carbon uptake and transport were severely limited, and a new "wave" of ocean science was born. U.S. JGOFS has been supported primarily by the U.S. National Science Foundation in collaboration with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Department of Energy and the Office of Naval Research. U.S. JGOFS, ended in 2005 with the conclusion of the Synthesis and Modeling Project (SMP).