Preliminary bottle data from the R/V Atlantic Explorer AE0922 cruise in the North Atlantic, Bermuda BATS region during 2009 (TZEX project)

Website: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3455
Data Type: Cruise Results
Version: 1
Version Date: 2011-03-28

Project
» Twilight Zone EXplorer (TZEX)

Program
» Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB)
ContributorsAffiliationRole
Buesseler, Kenneth O.Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)Principal Investigator
Lamborg, CarlWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)Co-Principal Investigator
Lomas, Michael W.Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS)Co-Principal Investigator
Siegel, DavidUniversity of California-Santa Barbara (UCSB-ICESS)Co-Principal Investigator
Steinberg, Deborah K.Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)Co-Principal Investigator
Valdes, JimWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)Co-Principal Investigator
Zawoysky, MaryWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)Contact
Gegg, Stephen R.Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO)BCO-DMO Data Manager

Abstract
Preliminary bottle data from the R/V Atlantic Explorer AE0922 cruise in the North Atlantic, Bermuda BATS region during 2009 (TZEX project).


Coverage

Spatial Extent: N:31.968 E:-63.5028 S:31.2802 W:-64.5665
Temporal Extent: 2009-09-20 - 2009-09-29

Dataset Description

CTD data at the locations where bottles were tripped.


Data Processing Description

BCO-DMO Processing Notes
Generated from original .xls file "AE0908 combined bottle data.xls" contributed by Ken Buesseler.

BCO-DMO Edits
- All Longitude values signed negative for West
- "nd" (no data) value inserted in blank cells
- Parameter names modified to conform to BCO-DMO convention

 


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Data Files

File
CTD_Bottle.csv
(Comma Separated Values (.csv), 202.55 KB)
MD5:d98492f35cb9966e6052a2420e1e6589
Primary data file for dataset ID 3455

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Parameters

ParameterDescriptionUnits
Cast_ID

Cast ID – cruise/cast/bot

integer
Cast_Num

Cast Num

integer
Bot_Num

Bot Num

integer
Date_in

Date in

yyyymmdd
Time_in

Time in

hhmm
Dec_yr_in

Dec yr in

yyyy.xxxxxx
Julian_day_in

Julian day in

ddd.xxx
Lon_in

Lon in

dec deg
Lat_in

Lat in

dec deg
Date_out

Date out

yyyymmdd
Time_out

Time out

hhmm
Lon_out

Lon out

dec deg
Lat_out

Lat out

dec deg
Bottle_fire_quality_flag

Bottle fire quality flag (1=good/-2=misfire/-3=suspect)

integer
P

P

db
Z

Z

meters
T1

T1

degs C
C1

C1

(tbd)
S1

S1

(tbd)
Oxy1

Oxy1

umol/kg?
BAC

BAC

(tbd)
Fl

Fl

(tbd)
T2

T2

degs C
Sig_t

Sig t

(tbd)
Wet_Salt_1

Wet Salt 1

(tbd)
Wet_Salt_2

Wet Salt 2

(tbd)
Wet_Oxy_1

Wet Oxy 1

umol
Wet_Oxy_2

Wet Oxy 2

umol
Wet_Oxy_3

Wet Oxy 3

umol
Niskin_temp

Niskin temp

degs C
Oxy_anom

Oxy anom

umol
DOC_sd

DOC sd

umol/L
TBD_1

TBD 1

(tbd)
O2

O2

mmol/m3
Salt

Salt

(tbd)
POP

POP

nmol/L
POC

POC

umol/L
PON

PON

umol/L
C_to_N

C to N

mol
Ba

Ba

nmol/L
Th230_avg

230Th avg

fg/l
error

error

(tbd)
Th232_avg

232Th avg

pg/l
TBD_2

TBD 2

(tbd)


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Instruments

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
CTD Sea-Bird SBE 911plus
Generic Instrument Name
CTD Sea-Bird SBE 911plus
Generic Instrument Description
The Sea-Bird SBE 911 plus is a type of CTD instrument package for continuous measurement of conductivity, temperature and pressure. The SBE 911 plus includes the SBE 9plus Underwater Unit and the SBE 11plus Deck Unit (for real-time readout using conductive wire) for deployment from a vessel. The combination of the SBE 9 plus and SBE 11 plus is called a SBE 911 plus. The SBE 9 plus uses Sea-Bird's standard modular temperature and conductivity sensors (SBE 3 plus and SBE 4). The SBE 9 plus CTD can be configured with up to eight auxiliary sensors to measure other parameters including dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, fluorescence, light (PAR), light transmission, etc.). more information from Sea-Bird Electronics


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Deployments

AE0922

Website
Platform
R/V Atlantic Explorer
Start Date
2009-09-20
End Date
2009-09-29
Description
Until 26 November 2012 this cruise was identified by BIOS and R2R as AE-X0908. On 26 November 2012, the cruise ID was corrected by BIOS and R2R to be the new cruise ID AE0922. This change was also made at BCO-DMO on 26 November 2012. Original cruise data are available from the NSF R2R data catalog


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Project Information

Twilight Zone EXplorer (TZEX)


Coverage: Bermuda, North Atlantic, BATS


Carbon Flux Through the Twilight Zone - New Tools to Measure Change

Building upon the success of the VERTIGO project, we continue to work to improve our understanding of how materials travel from the surface to the deep ocean. This pathway is called the "Biological Pump" which refers to the combined activities that lead to a quick pathway for plant and animal debris (molts, fecal pellets, loose aggregated material) to sink as marine "snow" or a particle into the deep ocean. In the open ocean, this cycle is largely a biological one, though in some settings, transport of material delivered by dust may matter (e.g. TENATSO - Cape Verde time series project).

The "twilight zone" is a region of low light below the ocean's sunlit surface "euphotic" zone, and above the deep ocean boundary (around 1000m or 3000 feet). It is in this mysterious layer where most of the sinking particles of the world's ocean are consumed by the animals that live at depth.

In a new project starting in late 2006, we are designing an autonomous vehicle called the "Twilight Zone EXplorer" (TZEX) to sample the ocean particle flux and make remote measurements in the twilight zone. Beginning in 2007, we will be starting to sample on a monthly basis at Bermuda, as part of the BATS (Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series) program using our existing particle flux collectors, the Neutrally Buoyant Sediment trap.

The biological pump and processes regulating the flux of particles in the ocean. Carbon dioxide fixed during photosynthesis by phytoplankton in the upper ocean can be transferred below the surface mixed layer via three major processes: i) passive sinking of particles, ii) physical mixing of particulate and dissolved organic matter (DOM), and iii) active transport by zooplankton vertical migration. The sinking flux includes senescent phytoplankton, zooplankton fecal pellets, molts and mucous feeding-webs (e.g., larvacean houses) and aggregates of these materials. The sinking particle flux decreases with depth as aggregates are fragmented into smaller, non-sinking particles, decomposed by bacteria, and consumed and respired by zooplankton. This remineralization returns carbon and nutrients to dissolved forms. The structure of the planktonic community affects the composition and the sinking rates of particles. Particle size, form, density, and the content of biogenic minerals affect sinking and remineralization rates.

Funding

The TZEX project is funded as part of the NSF Carbon and Water in the Earth System crosscutting solicitation aimed at closing significant gaps in our understanding of the complex relationships between and within the global water and carbon cycles.

NSF link: http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=13651&org=OCE

References:

Dehairs, F., A. de Brauwere, M. Elskens, U. Bathmann, S. Becquevort, S. Blain, P. Boyd, K. Buesseler, E. Buitenhaus, M. Gehlen, G. Herndl, C. Klass, R. Lampitt, D. Lefevre, U. Passow, H. Plous, F. Primeau, L. Stemmann and T. Trull (2008). Controls on Organic Carbon Export and Twilight Zone Remineralization: An Overview of the EUROCEANS Workshop . Oceanography, 21(3): 92-95.

Dehairs, F., A. de Brauwere and M. Elskens (2008). Organic Carbon in the Ocean's Twilight Zone. EOS, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 89 (38): doi:10.1029/2008EO380004.



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Program Information

Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB)


Coverage: Global


The Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB) program focuses on the ocean's role as a component of the global Earth system, bringing together research in geochemistry, ocean physics, and ecology that inform on and advance our understanding of ocean biogeochemistry. The overall program goals are to promote, plan, and coordinate collaborative, multidisciplinary research opportunities within the U.S. research community and with international partners. Important OCB-related activities currently include: the Ocean Carbon and Climate Change (OCCC) and the North American Carbon Program (NACP); U.S. contributions to IMBER, SOLAS, CARBOOCEAN; and numerous U.S. single-investigator and medium-size research projects funded by U.S. federal agencies including NASA, NOAA, and NSF.

The scientific mission of OCB is to study the evolving role of the ocean in the global carbon cycle, in the face of environmental variability and change through studies of marine biogeochemical cycles and associated ecosystems.

The overarching OCB science themes include improved understanding and prediction of: 1) oceanic uptake and release of atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse gases and 2) environmental sensitivities of biogeochemical cycles, marine ecosystems, and interactions between the two.

The OCB Research Priorities (updated January 2012) include: ocean acidification; terrestrial/coastal carbon fluxes and exchanges; climate sensitivities of and change in ecosystem structure and associated impacts on biogeochemical cycles; mesopelagic ecological and biogeochemical interactions; benthic-pelagic feedbacks on biogeochemical cycles; ocean carbon uptake and storage; and expanding low-oxygen conditions in the coastal and open oceans.



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Funding

Funding SourceAward
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE)

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