Water temperature and salinity from RICE RISE2004_RICE, RISE2005_RICE, RISE2006_RICE, RISE2004_RINO, RISE2005_RINO, RISE2006_RINO, RISE2004_RISO, RISE2005_RISO, RISE2006_RISO moorings in the North East Pacific from 2004 to 2006 (RISE project)

Website: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3599
Version: 20 December 2011
Version Date: 2011-12-20

Project
» River Influences on Shelf Ecosystems (RISE)
ContributorsAffiliationRole
Dever, EdwardOregon State University (OSU-CEOAS)Principal Investigator, Contact
Gegg, Stephen R.Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO)BCO-DMO Data Manager


Dataset Description

Data: RISE - Mooring Data - WATER TEMP and SALINITY
Moorings: RICE, RINO and RISO
Years: 2004, 2005, 2006
Water Temp and Salinity - Hourly - Date Time T01 S01 T05 S05 T20 S20
Water Temperature (deg C) and Salinity (unitless), Seabird SBE 16+ CTD
 

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Data Files

File
MOORINGS_SBE_TS.csv
(Comma Separated Values (.csv), 3.96 MB)
MD5:091fdaafdf96f37ca44a6eb81f44d842
Primary data file for dataset ID 3599

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Parameters

ParameterDescriptionUnits
Year

Year of data

YYYY
Data_Type

Data Type - ADCP; PRES; TEMP; SBE_TS; WSPD

text
Mooring_Name

Mooring Name

text
Alternate_Mooring_Name

Mooring Alternate Name

text
Lon

Mooring Longitude Position (West is negative)

decimal degrees
Lat

Mooring Latitude Position (South is negative)

decimal degrees
Depth_Mooring

Mooring Depth

meters
Start_Date

Start Date of Data Collection

YYYYMMDD
Start_Time

Start Time of Data Collection

HHMMSS
End_Date

End Date of Data Collection

YYYYMMDD
End_Time

End Time of Data Collection

HHMMSS
Dataset_Id

Mooring Dataset Id based on Data Collection Start/End Dates

text
DATE

Date (UTC)

YYYYMMDD
TIME

Time (UTC)

HHMMSS
T01

Temperature reading at 1 meter

deg C
T05

Temperature reading at 5 meters

deg C
T20

Temperature reading at 20 meters

deg C
S01

Salinity reading at 1 meter

unitless
S05

Salinity reading at 5 meters

unitless
S20

Salinity reading at 20 meters

unitless
Deployment_Id

Mooring Deployment Id (assigned by BCO-DMO Staff)

text


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Instruments

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
CTD Sea-Bird
Generic Instrument Name
CTD Sea-Bird
Dataset-specific Description
Seabird SBE 16+ CTD
Generic Instrument Description
Conductivity, Temperature, Depth (CTD) sensor package from SeaBird Electronics, no specific unit identified. This instrument designation is used when specific make and model are not known. See also other SeaBird instruments listed under CTD. More information from Sea-Bird Electronics.


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Deployments

RISE2004_RICE

Website
Platform
RICE Mooring
Start Date
2004-06-21
End Date
2004-09-09
Description
Year: 2004 Mooring_Name: RICE Alternate_Mooring_Name: RC Lon: -124.19540 Lat: 46.16707 Depth: 72 Start_Date: 20040621 Start_Time: 2200 End_Date: 20040909 End_Time: 0000 Dataset_Id: 2004_06_21-2004_09_09 Deployment_Vessel: R/V Sproul Deployment_Dates: 14-25 June 2004 Recovery_Vessel: R/V Sproul Recovery_Dates: 1-15 Sept 2004

RISE2005_RICE

Website
Platform
RICE Mooring
Start Date
2005-05-21
End Date
2005-08-20
Description
Year: 2005 Mooring_Name: RICE Alternate_Mooring_Name: RC Lon: -124.19540 Lat: 46.16667 Depth: 72 Start_Date: 20050521 Start_Time: 0000 End_Date: 20050820 End_Time: 1200 Dataset_Id: 2005_05_21-2005_08_20 Deployment_Vessel: R/V Wecoma Deployment_Dates: 16-21 May 2005 Recovery_Vessel: R/V Wecoma Recovery_Dates: 4-10 Oct 2005

RISE2006_RICE

Website
Platform
RICE Mooring
Start Date
2006-05-14
End Date
2006-10-14
Description
Year: 2006 Mooring_Name: RICE Alternate_Mooring_Name: RC Lon:-124.19552 Lat: 46.16678 Depth: 71 Start_Date: 20060514 Start_Time: 2200 End_Date: 20061014 End_Time: 1500 Dataset_Id: 2006_05_14-2006_10_14 Deployment_Vessel: R/V Wecoma Deployment_Dates: 10-17 May 2006 Recovery_Vessel: R/V Wecoma Recovery_Dates: 12-18 Oct 2006

RISE2004_RINO

Website
Platform
RINO Mooring
Start Date
2004-06-22
End Date
2004-09-08
Description
Year: 2004 Mooring_Name: RINO Alternate_Mooring_Name: RN Lon: -124.30133 Lat: 46.43742 Depth: 72 Start_Date: 20040622 Start_Time: 0400 End_Date: 20040908 End_Time: 1700 Dataset_Id: 2004_06_22-2004_09_08 Deployment_Vessel: R/V Sproul Deployment_Dates: 14-25 June 2004 Recovery_Vessel: R/V Sproul Recovery_Dates: 1-15 Sept 2004

RISE2005_RINO

Website
Platform
RINO Mooring
Start Date
2005-05-18
End Date
2005-10-07
Description
Year: 2005 Mooring_Name: RINO Alternate_Mooring_Name: RN Lon: -124.49190 Lat: 46.99970 Depth: 72 Start_Date: 20050518 Start_Time: 2000 End_Date: 20051007 End_Time: 1400 Dataset_Id: 2005_05_18-2005_10_07 Deployment_Vessel: R/V Wecoma Deployment_Dates: 16-21 May 2005 Recovery_Vessel: R/V Wecoma Recovery_Dates: 4-10 Oct 2005

RISE2006_RINO

Website
Platform
RINO Mooring
Start Date
2006-05-14
End Date
2006-10-15
Description
Year: 2006 Mooring_Name: RINO Alternate_Mooring_Name: RN Lon: -124.49208 Lat: 47.01658 Depth: 70 Start_Date: 20060514 Start_Time: 2200 End_Date: 20061015 End_Time: 2100 Dataset_Id: 2006_05_14-2006_10_15 Deployment_Vessel: R/V Wecoma Deployment_Dates: 10-17 May 2006 Recovery_Vessel: R/V Wecoma Recovery_Dates: 12-18 Oct 2006

RISE2004_RISO

Website
Platform
RISO Mooring
Start Date
2004-06-21
End Date
2004-09-07
Description
Year: 2004 Mooring_Name: RISO Alternate_Mooring_Name: RS Lon: -124.10045 Lat: 46.05298 Depth: 72 Start_Date: 20040621 Start_Time: 0000 End_Date: 20040907 End_Time: 1900 Dataset_Id: 2004_06_21-2004_09_07   Deployment_Vessel: R/V Sproul Deployment_Dates: 14-25 June 2004 Recovery_Vessel: R/V Sproul Recovery_Dates: 1-15 Sept 2004  

RISE2005_RISO

Website
Platform
RISO Mooring
Start Date
2005-05-21
End Date
2005-08-19
Description
Year: 2005 Mooring_Name: RISO Alternate_Mooring_Name: RS Lon: -124.10290 Lat: 45.50000 Depth: 90 Start_Date: 20050521 Start_Time: 0000 End_Date: 20050819 End_Time: 2300 Dataset_Id: 2005_05_21-2005_08_19 Deployment_Vessel: R/V Wecoma Deployment_Dates: 16-21 May 2005 Recovery_Vessel: R/V Wecoma Recovery_Dates: 4-10 Oct 2005  

RISE2006_RISO

Website
Platform
RISO Mooring
Start Date
2006-05-13
End Date
2006-09-26
Description
Year: 2006 Mooring_Name: RISO Alternate_Mooring_Name: RS Lon: -124.10293 Lat: 45.50003 Depth: 92 Start_Date: 20060513 Start_Time: 2300 End_Date: 20060926 End_Time: 1200 Dataset_Id: 2006_05_13-2006_09_26 Deployment_Vessel: R/V Wecoma Deployment_Dates: 10-17 May 2006 Recovery_Vessel: R/V Wecoma Recovery_Dates: 12-18 Oct 2006


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Project Information

River Influences on Shelf Ecosystems (RISE)


Coverage: Northeast Pacific, coastal waters off states of Washington and Oregon


River Influences on Shelf Ecosystems (RISE) - A Study of the Columbia River Plume
A Multi-Institutional Collaborative Project Sponsored by the National Science Foundation

In 2004 an interdisciplinary study "River Influences on Shelf Ecosystems" (RISE) was initiated to determine the extent to which alongshore gradients in ecosystem productivity might be related to the existence of the massive freshwater plume from the Columbia River. RISE was designed to test three hypotheses: - During upwelling the growth rate of phytoplankton within the Columbia plume exceeds that in nearby areas outside the plume being fueled by the same upwelling nitrate.
- The plume enhances cross-margin transport of plankton and nutrients.
- Plume-specific nutrients (Fe and Si) alter and enhance productivity on adjacent shelves.

Within those constraints, RISE provides the first comprehensive interdisciplinary study of the rates and dynamics governing the mixing of river and coastal waters in an eastern boundary system, as well as the effects of the plume formed by the mixing processes on rates, standing stocks and community structure of plankton in the local ecosystem. The RISE project, includes 4 field and two different numerical model applications. We collected simultaneous measurements of water chemistry, phytoplankton growth and grazing rates, zooplankton populations, water currents, and turbulent mixing. These are being combined with data from satellites, radar, and moorings, as well as detailed numerical simulations, to develop a deeper understanding of this important ecosystem.

The overall RISE sampling strategy was to compare mixing rates, nutrient supply, and phytoplankton production, grazing and community structure within the plume and outside the plume; i.e. on the shelf to the north of the river mouth, presumed more productive, and on the shelf to the south of the river mouth, presumed less productive, as well as in the important "plume lift off" area (the region where the plume loses contact with the bottom) near the river mouth and the plume "near field". The backbone for this project consists of data collected during four cruises that took place in the seasonally high-flow period (May-June) in each of three years (2004-06) and in a low-flow period in the second year (August, 2005). The sampling was spread over three years to attempt to include interannual differences in processes related to wind and river flow variability. The 21-day length of the cruises ensured that a variety of circulation and growth regimes, including upwelling and relaxation/downwelling and neap/spring tides, were observed.

The field studies used two vessels operating simultaneously. The R/V Wecoma obtained primarily biological and chemical rate data: a) at individual stations on cardinal lines north and south of the river mouth (off Grays Harbor, WA and Cape Meares, OR) and near the river mouth; b) at selected process study stations; and c) at fixed stations near the river mouth during strong neap and spring tides (time series). A towed sensor package was used to obtain micronutrient samples near the sea surface on cardinal lines and other selected transects. Underway measurements included macronutrients (N, P, Si), dissolved trace metals (Fe, Mn), supplemented with discrete samples from the underway system (microscopy, FlowCAM and particulate trace metals). At CTD stations vertical profiles (0-200 m where possible; and 500 m at selected stations) of T, S, vertical shear and currents, dissolved O2, in vivo fluorescence, PAR, chlorophyll a, dissolved macronutrients (NO3, NH4, urea, PO4, SiO4), dissolved trace metals, and heterotrophic and autotrophic plankton composition were obtained. Surface drifters were used to follow the mixing of individual plumes and to provide information on surface currents.

On the R/V Pt. Sur, synoptic mesoscale and fine-scale features were sampled with underway measurements of near-surface T, S, velocity, particle size and concentration, PAR, transmissivity and fluorescence and nitrate+nitrite. The Pt. Sur's Triaxus tow fish provided high-resolution sections of T, S, zooplankton (Laser-OPC), PAR and transmissivity, fluorescence, particle size and concentration (LISST-FLOC25X), UV absorption and nitrate (Satlantic ISUS) and radiance/irradiance (7 channels) through the upper water column to 50 m. Rapidly-executed transects of turbulence and fine-structure were also carried out using the Chameleon profiler; these provide full-depth profiles of T, S, optics (880 nm backscatter and fluorescence), turbulence dissipation rates and turbulent fluxes every 1-3 minutes. During selected periods, transects were repeated hourly to capture the high-frequency evolution in the plume's nearfield and river estuary. Acoustics (surface-deployed 1200 kHz ADCP and 120 kHz echosounder) were used to image fine-scale features of the velocity and backscatter fields, resolving fronts, nonlinear internal waves, and turbulent billows.

The temporal context for observed variability was provided by an array of moored sensors deployed in the plume near field as well as on the shelf north and south of the plume (complemented by the pre-existing long-term estuarine and plume stations of the CORIE/SATURN network. To better resolve regional differences, moorings were moved farther north and south to the cardinal sampling lines after the first year of the program. Surface currents were mapped hourly from shore using HF radar with two simultaneously operating arrays, one with a 40 km range and a 2 km range resolution, the other with a 150 km range and a 6 km range resolution. Satellite ocean color, sea surface temperature, turbidity and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) were also obtained when available.

Two modeling systems were developed or enhanced during RISE. The system developed specifically for RISE employed a structured grid model (ROMS) and was used in hindcast mode (MacCready et al., 2008). The CORIE/SATURN modeling system (Baptista, 2006)- based on two unstructured-grid models (SELFE, Zhang and Baptista, 2008; and ELCIRC, Zhang et al., 2004)- was used in both near real-time prognostic mode and multi-year hindcast mode. Both modeling systems incorporated the estuary in the simulation domain (although at different resolutions) and used realistic river, ocean and atmospheric forcing conditions, tidal forcing, and Columbia River estuary forcing. Wind/heat flux model forcing for ROMS was derived from the 4 km MM5 regional wind/heat flux model. SELFE and LCIRC were also forced by MM5. Conditions on open boundaries were provided by ~9 km resolution models from the Navy Research Laboratory (NRL) (NCOM); ROMS used the smaller domain NCOM-CCS NRL model, SELFE and ELCIRC used the larger domain Global-NCOM model. The biological model is a four-box ("NPZD") nitrogen-budget model that tracks nutrients, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and detritus in every cell of the ROMS grid. The rich RISE biological dataset allowed model validation against not just stocks (chlorophyll, microzooplankton, nutrients) but rates (phytoplankton growth and grazing) directly, a level of validation that is seldom possible. These rate observations also allowed the setting of key model parameters (e.g., zooplankton ingestion rate and mortality) empirically (Banas, et al., 2008).

References:
Banas, N. S., P. MacCready, and B. M. Hickey (2008), The Columbia River plume as cross-shelf
exporter and along-coast barrier, doi:10.1016 Cont. Shelf Res., 2008.03.011

Baptista, A. M. (2006), CORIE: the first decade of a coastal-margin collaborative observatory,
Oceans'06, MTS/ IEEE, Boston, MA.

Hickey, B.M., and the RISE PIs. River Influences on Shelf Ecosystems: Introduction to the RISE
Volume, Cont. Shelf Res., in press.

MacCready, P., N. S. Banas, B. H. Hickey, E. P. Dever, and Y. Liu (2008), A model study of
tide- and wind-induced mixing in the Columbia River Estuary and Plume, ,doi:10.1016/j.
Cont. Shelf Res. 2008.03.015.

RISE Cruise Reports and Figures:
2004 RISE-1
RISE04W1=R/V Wecoma, W0407A, July 8-28, 2004
Cruise Report
Cruise Track
Stations and Moorings
Wind Events

RISE2004=R/V Point Sur, (tbd), July 8-28, 2004
Cruise Report

2005 RISE-2
RISE05W2=R/V Wecoma, W0505C, May 29-June 21, 2005
Cruise Report
Cruise Track
Stations and Moorings
Wind Events

RISE2005a=R/V Point Sur, (tbd), May 29-June 21, 2005
Cruise Report

2005 RISE-3
RISE05W3=R/V Wecoma, W0508, August 4-August 26, 2005
Daily Cruise Report
Lessard Cruise Report
Peterson/Shaw Zooplankton Report
Cruise Track
Stations and Moorings
Wind Events

RISE2005b=R/V Point Sur, (tbd), August 2-August 27, 2005
Cruise Report
Cruise Log

2006 RISE-4
RISE06W4=R/V Wecoma, W0605B, May 21-June 13, 2006
Cruise Report 1
Cruise Report 2
Cruise Track
Stations and Moorings
Wind Events

RISE2006a=Leg 1, R/V Point Sur, (tbd), May 21-May 31, 2006
Cruise Report Leg 1
RISE2006b=Leg 2, R/V Point Sur, (tbd), June 2-June 12, 2006
Cruise Report Leg 2



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Funding

Funding SourceAward
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE)

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