| Contributors | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Onac, Bogdan | University of South Florida (USF) | Principal Investigator |
| Wynn, Jonathan | University of South Florida (USF) | Principal Investigator |
| Robbins, Lisa | United States Geological Survey (USGS) | Co-Principal Investigator, Contact |
| Gegg, Stephen R. | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO) | BCO-DMO Data Manager |
USGS Arctic Ocean Carbon Cruise 2012: Station Data
Summary of analytical results from vertical profile stations.
For aditional information see:
HLY1202 Cruise Report, Appendix E
U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 862 - Methods
Discrete samples from vertical profile casts were collected at 4 locations. A 24-bottle Niskin rosette (12-L bottle volume) with an electronic trigger was fitted with a Sea-Bird SBE 911plus CTD and altimeter. The CTD provided salinity, temperature, depth, fluorescence, and dissolved oxygen data. The rosette was lowered to just above the sea floor, and bottles were filled at select depths as the rosette was brought to the surface. Water samples were collected from the Niskin bottles for the full suite of discrete analyses shipboard and ashore as described for surface samples.
For aditional information see:
HLY1202 Cruise Report, Appendix E
U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 862 - Methods
The QA/QC process looked for internal consistencies in the data by calculating the results using CO2SYS and back checking with the collected data.
For aditional information see:
HLY1202 Cruise Report, Appendix E
U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 862 - Methods
BCO-DMO Processing Notes
- Generated from original file: "HLY1202_Station.csv" contributed by Lisa Robbins
- Parameter names edited to conform to BCO-DMO naming convention found at Choosing Parameter Name
- Single Date/Time field split into separate Date and Time fields
- Date reformatted from MM/DD/YYYY to YYYYMMDD
- Time reformatted from HH:MM to HHMM
| File |
|---|
CTD_Stations.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 5.17 KB) MD5:a20343b5a8489c166cd15a4ecdb7b3ab Primary data file for dataset ID 527320 |
| Parameter | Description | Units |
| SampleID | Sample identification number for station in format station_bottle. Lowest bottle number (i.e. 1) is sample taken at greatest depth. Highest number (i.e. 24) is sample taken at shallowest depth. | text |
| Name | Station name and number | text |
| Date | Date in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); NIST | YYYYMMDD |
| Time | Time in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); NIST | HHMM |
| Latitude | Latitude (South is negative); WGS 84 | decimal degrees |
| Longitude | Longitude (West is negative); WGS 84 | decimal degrees |
| Depth | Depth at which sample was taken in meters | meters |
| Salinity | Salt content in Practical Salinity Units measured using the USCGC Healy's SBE9 instrument. | PSU |
| Temperature | Thermosalinograph temperature degrees Celsius measured using the USCGC Healy's SBE9 instrument. | degrees Celsius |
| DIC | Total carbon content of seawater in micromoles per kilogram measured spectrophotometrically. | umol_kg-1 |
| TA | Total alkalinity content of seawater in micromoles per kilogram measured spectrophotometrically. | micromol/kgSW |
| pH | pH (total scale) of sample at 25 degrees Celsius measured spectrophotometrically. | total |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | CTD SBE 911plus |
| Generic Instrument Name | CTD Sea-Bird SBE 911plus |
| Dataset-specific Description | Discrete samples from vertical profile casts were collected at 4 locations. A 24-bottle Niskin rosette (12-L bottle volume) with an electronic trigger was fitted with a Sea-Bird SBE 911plus CTD and altimeter. |
| Generic Instrument Description | The Sea-Bird SBE 911 plus is a type of CTD instrument package for continuous measurement of conductivity, temperature and pressure. The SBE 911 plus includes the SBE 9plus Underwater Unit and the SBE 11plus Deck Unit (for real-time readout using conductive wire) for deployment from a vessel. The combination of the SBE 9 plus and SBE 11 plus is called a SBE 911 plus. The SBE 9 plus uses Sea-Bird's standard modular temperature and conductivity sensors (SBE 3 plus and SBE 4). The SBE 9 plus CTD can be configured with up to eight auxiliary sensors to measure other parameters including dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, fluorescence, light (PAR), light transmission, etc.). more information from Sea-Bird Electronics |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Niskin bottle |
| Generic Instrument Name | Niskin bottle |
| Generic Instrument Description | A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc. |
| Website | |
| Platform | USCGC Healy |
| Report | |
| Start Date | 2012-08-26 |
| End Date | 2012-09-24 |
| Description | Original cruise data are available from the NSF R2R data catalog
USCGC Healy Science-Technical Support
Summary
From August 25 to September 27, 2012, the United States Coast Guard Cutter (USCGC) Healy was part of an Extended Continental Shelf Project to determine the limits of the extended continental shelf in the Arctic. On a non-interference basis, a USGS ocean acidification team participated on the cruise to collect baseline water data in the Arctic. The collection of data extended from coastal waters near Barrow, Alaska, to 83°2'N., -175°36'W., and southward back to coastal waters near Barrow and on to Dutch Harbor, Alaska. As a consequence, a number of hypotheses were tested and questions asked associated with ocean acidification, including:
- What is the saturation state for different parts of the basin?
- What factors drive the saturation state in the different parts of the basin?
- How does saturation state compare to other regions?
- How do the carbon fluxes compare in the different parts of the basin?
- What is the buffering capacity of the water (Revelle factor)?
- What kind of variability does carbon demonstrate in the Arctic (near shore versus offshore and diurnal)?
During the cruise, underway continuous and discrete water samples were collected, and discrete water samples were collected at stations to document the carbonate chemistry of the Arctic waters and quantify the saturation state of seawater with respect to calcium carbonate. These data are critical for providing baseline information in areas where no data have existed prior and will also be used to test existing models and predict future trends. |
Extracted from the NSF award abstract:
The proposed research aims to identify mechanisms of ocean acidification and carbonate undersaturation in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean. The investigators will use a 3-year dataset to address the role of two specific mechanisms involving sea-ice processes: (1) surface water freshening and undersaturation resulting from recent enhanced melting of multi-year sea-ice, and (2) surface water undersaturation resulting from a "carbon-pumping" mechanism driven by brine rejection and carbonate mineral precipitation during increasingly cyclical seasonal sea ice growth and decay. The proposed work would expand understanding of the inorganic carbon cycle, air-sea CO2 exchange rates and acidification in the Arctic Ocean. Understanding baselines and how they are changing is important for setting realistic parameters for process studies on the effects of ocean acidification on flora and fauna.
Models project the Arctic Ocean will become undersaturated with respect to carbonate minerals in the next decade. Recent field results indicate parts may already be undersaturated in late summer months when ice melt is at its greatest extent. However, few comprehensive datasets of carbonate system parameters in the Arctic Ocean exist. Researchers from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and University of South Florida (USF) collected high-resolution measurements of pCO2, pH, total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), and carbonate (CO3-2) from the Canada Basin that fill critical information gaps concerning Arctic carbon variability. A Multiparameter Inorganic Carbon Analyzer (MICA) was used to collect approximately 1,800 measurements of pH and DIC along an 11,965-km trackline in August and September 2012. In addition, over 500 discrete surface water samples were taken. These data are being used to characterize and model regional pCO2, pH, and carbonate mineral saturation state. A high-resolution, three-dimensional map of these results will be presented.
Data collected on the August 2012 Arctic Cruise will be used to create regional maps of seawater carbonate parameters, including pCO2 flux/change maps, and derivative maps on saturation state. Maps depicting pCO2 and carbonate saturation states over large latitudinal and nearshore to offshore gradients are needed for the Arctic, where significant decline of carbonate ecosystems, habitats, and calcifying organisms are predicted over the next decade. The data will allow the USGS to map variations in ocean chemistry along designated tracks and will be used in models to predict future Arctic Ocean saturation states.
Note: Jonathan Wynn is a former Pricipal Investigator for this project
NSF Climate Research Investment (CRI) activities that were initiated in 2010 are now included under Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES). SEES is a portfolio of activities that highlights NSF's unique role in helping society address the challenge(s) of achieving sustainability. Detailed information about the SEES program is available from NSF (https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=504707).
In recognition of the need for basic research concerning the nature, extent and impact of ocean acidification on oceanic environments in the past, present and future, the goal of the SEES: OA program is to understand (a) the chemistry and physical chemistry of ocean acidification; (b) how ocean acidification interacts with processes at the organismal level; and (c) how the earth system history informs our understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on the present day and future ocean.
Solicitations issued under this program:
NSF 10-530, FY 2010-FY2011
NSF 12-500, FY 2012
NSF 12-600, FY 2013
NSF 13-586, FY 2014
NSF 13-586 was the final solicitation that will be released for this program.
PI Meetings:
1st U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(March 22-24, 2011, Woods Hole, MA)
2nd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(Sept. 18-20, 2013, Washington, DC)
3rd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting (June 9-11, 2015, Woods Hole, MA – Tentative)
NSF media releases for the Ocean Acidification Program:
Press Release 10-186 NSF Awards Grants to Study Effects of Ocean Acidification
Discovery Blue Mussels "Hang On" Along Rocky Shores: For How Long?
Press Release 13-102 World Oceans Month Brings Mixed News for Oysters
| Funding Source | Award |
|---|---|
| NSF Arctic Sciences (NSF ARC) |