Brooded coral larval size, protein content, symbiont (Symbiodinium) densities, maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Cumbo, 2012) from Taiwan, 2010 (Cumbo, 2012) (MCR LTER project, Climate_Coral_Larvae project)
Project
Program
| Contributors | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Edmunds, Peter J. | California State University Northridge (CSUN) | Principal Investigator |
| Cumbo, Vivian R | California State University Northridge (CSUN) | Scientist |
| Copley, Nancy | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO) | BCO-DMO Data Manager |
The physiological development of brooded larvae from the pocilloporid corals Pocillopora damicornis and Seriatopora caliendrum in southern Taiwan was examined.
These data include larval size, protein content, symbiont (Symbiodinium) densities, maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII from experiments conducted in June and July, 2010.
Related datasets:
brooded coral - carbonate chemistry
brooded coral - release
brooded coral - respiration
brooded coral - settlement competency
brooded coral - size_July
brooded coral - size_protein_symbionts_photosynth
These data are published in Cumbo, VR, Fan TY, Edmunds PJ. (2012) Physiological development of brooded larvae from two pocilloporid corals in Taiwan. Marine Biology 159: 2853-2866. DOI 10.1007/s00227-012-2046-y. See Figs. 1b, 1c, 3b, 3c, 3d.
Protein content of the larvae was determined spectrophotometrically using the microtiter plate protocol of the Bio-Rad protein assay with Coomassie brilliant blue dye (Bio-Rad, CA). At each sampling, four groups of larvae (40 group-1 in June and 10 group-1 in July) were frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored until processed. Proteins were solubilized by placing the larvae in 0.1 M NaOH, disrupting them with ultrasonic vibrations (Branson Digital Sonifier S-250D, USA), and warming at 50C for 5 h. The protein extract was neutralized with HCl, diluted where necessary, and processed in triplicate with the addition of the dye reagent on a microtiter plate. Following 30-min incubations, absorbances were measured at 595 nm using a plate reader (Biotek Synergy H4 Hybrid Reader, USA) and converted to protein using a calibration prepared from bovine serum albumin. Protein content was expressed as mg larva-1.
Maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) of Symbiodinium within the larvae: To assess the condition and number of Symbiodinium, larvae were processed for maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) and Symbiodinium density. Fv/Fm was measured using pulse amplitude modulation fluorometry (PAM) with a Diving-PAM (Walz, GmbH) fitted with an 8-mm-diameter probe and operated at constant settings for measuring intensity and gain (both set at 10). Four replicates of 8 larvae were dark-adapted for 2 h and transferred under weak red light to the tip of the sensor where they were retained within a drop of water. Previous experiments demonstrated that fluorescent measures could be obtained reliably with C6 larvae. Larvae processed for Fv/Fm were removed from the tip of the sensor and used to evaluate size.
Larval size and Symbiodinium densities: To determine the size, larvae were placed individually on a microscope slide in a drop of seawater and photographed using a digital camera fitted to a dissecting microscope. Larval area (mm^2) was measured using ImageJ 1.42q software (Abramoff et al. 2004), and mean larval area (n = 8) from each tank at each time point was used for statistical analysis. Finally, these larvae were analyzed for Symbiodinium densities by preserving 4 replicates of 8 larvae in 10 % formalin, and later macerating them with a Teflon pestle. The Symbiodinium in the slurry were counted using a hemocytometer (4 replicate counts) and the algal population expressed as cells larva-1.
BCO-DMO processing notes:
- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date, reference information
- added lab, lat, lon, expt columns
- renamed parameters to BCO-DMO standard
- combined data from Figures 1b, 1c, 3b, 3c, 3d
| File |
|---|
brood_protein.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 14.31 KB) MD5:5f7cf1af6cbccfb839d079c0ac2f7241 Primary data file for dataset ID 528661 |
| Parameter | Description | Units |
| expt | experiment id | unitless |
| lab | laboratory | unitless |
| lat | latitude; north is positive | decimal degrees |
| lon | longitude; east is positive | decimal degrees |
| species | coral species name | unitless |
| date | local date of measurement | yyyy-mm-dd |
| lunar_day | lunar day of measurement | integer |
| release | larval release relative to full moon: early peak late | unitless |
| sample | sample number | integer |
| larval_size | larval area | mm^2 |
| protein_larva | protein content per larva | mg/larva |
| num_larvae_density | number of larvae examined for symbiont density | integer |
| vol | the volume in which the cells were resuspended prior to counting | ml |
| vol_grid | volume of grid on hemocytometer | ml |
| rep_1 | number of symbionts in replicate 1 of hemocytometer slide | integer |
| rep_2 | number of symbionts in replicate 2 of hemocytometer slide | integer |
| rep_3 | number of symbionts in replicate 3 of hemocytometer slide | integer |
| rep_4 | number of symbionts in replicate 4 of hemocytometer slide | integer |
| num_larvae_FvFm | number of larvae examined for photochemical efficiency | integer |
| Fv_Fm | maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII | unitless |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Hemocytometer |
| Generic Instrument Name | Hemocytometer |
| Generic Instrument Description | A hemocytometer is a small glass chamber, resembling a thick microscope slide, used for determining the number of cells per unit volume of a suspension. Originally used for performing blood cell counts, a hemocytometer can be used to count a variety of cell types in the laboratory. Also spelled as "haemocytometer". Description from:
http://hlsweb.dmu.ac.uk/ahs/elearning/RITA/Haem1/Haem1.html. |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | plate reader |
| Generic Instrument Name | plate reader |
| Dataset-specific Description | Biotek Synergy H4 Hybrid Reader, USA |
| Generic Instrument Description | Plate readers (also known as microplate readers) are laboratory instruments designed to detect biological, chemical or physical events of samples in microtiter plates. They are widely used in research, drug discovery, bioassay validation, quality control and manufacturing processes in the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industry and academic organizations. Sample reactions can be assayed in 6-1536 well format microtiter plates. The most common microplate format used in academic research laboratories or clinical diagnostic laboratories is 96-well (8 by 12 matrix) with a typical reaction volume between 100 and 200 uL per well. Higher density microplates (384- or 1536-well microplates) are typically used for screening applications, when throughput (number of samples per day processed) and assay cost per sample become critical parameters, with a typical assay volume between 5 and 50 µL per well. Common detection modes for microplate assays are absorbance, fluorescence intensity, luminescence, time-resolved fluorescence, and fluorescence polarization. From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plate_reader, 2014-09-0-23. |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | sonicator |
| Generic Instrument Name | ultrasonic cell disrupter (sonicator) |
| Dataset-specific Description | Branson Digital Sonifier S-250D, USA |
| Generic Instrument Description | Instrument that applies sound energy to agitate particles in a sample. |
lab_Edmunds_NMMBA
| Website | |
| Platform | Natl Museum Mar. Bio. and Aquar. Taiwan |
| Start Date | 2010-03-18 |
| End Date | 2010-03-24 |
| Description | Experiments related to the research project: 'RUI- The ecophysiological basis of the response of coral larvae and early life history stages to global climate change' were conducted at the laboratories of the National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium in Southern Taiwan. |
Moorea Coral Reef Long-Term Ecological Research site (MCR LTER)
From http://www.lternet.edu/sites/mcr/ and http://mcr.lternet.edu/:
The Moorea Coral Reef LTER site encompasses the coral reef complex that surrounds the island of Moorea, French Polynesia (17°30'S, 149°50'W). Moorea is a small, triangular volcanic island 20 km west of Tahiti in the Society Islands of French Polynesia. An offshore barrier reef forms a system of shallow (mean depth ~ 5-7 m), narrow (~0.8-1.5 km wide) lagoons around the 60 km perimeter of Moorea. All major coral reef types (e.g., fringing reef, lagoon patch reefs, back reef, barrier reef and fore reef) are present and accessible by small boat.
The MCR LTER was established in 2004 by the US National Science Foundation (NSF) and is a partnership between the University of California Santa Barbara and California State University, Northridge. MCR researchers include marine scientists from the UC Santa Barbara, CSU Northridge, UC Davis, UC Santa Cruz, UC San Diego, CSU San Marcos, Duke University and the University of Hawaii. Field operations are conducted from the UC Berkeley Richard B. Gump South Pacific Research Station on the island of Moorea, French Polynesia.
MCR LTER Data: The Moorea Coral Reef (MCR) LTER data are managed by and available directly from the MCR project data site URL shown above. The datasets listed below were collected at or near the MCR LTER sampling locations, and funded by NSF OCE as ancillary projects related to the MCR LTER core research themes.
This project is supported by continuing grants with slight name variations:
- LTER: Long-Term Dynamics of a Coral Reef Ecosystem
- LTER: MCR II - Long-Term Dynamics of a Coral Reef Ecosystem
- LTER: MCR IIB: Long-Term Dynamics of a Coral Reef Ecosystem
- LTER: MCR III: Long-Term Dynamics of a Coral Reef Ecosystem
- LTER: MCR IV: Long-Term Dynamics of a Coral Reef Ecosystem
The ecophysiological basis of the response of coral larvae and early life history stages to global climate change (Climate_Coral_Larvae)
Tropical coral reefs face a suite of environmental assaults ranging from anchor damage to the effects of global climate change (GCC). The consequences are evident throughout the tropics, where many coral reefs have lost a substantial fraction of their coral cover in a few decades. Notwithstanding the importance of reducing the impacts of environmental stresses, the only means by which these ecosystems can recover (or simply persist) is through the recruitment of scleractinians, which is a function of successful larval development, delivery, settlement, metamorphosis, and post-settlement events. Despite wide recognition of the importance of these processes, there are few pertinent empirical data, and virtually none that address the mechanisms mediating the success of early coral life stages in a physical environmental varying at multiple spatio-temporal scales.
The objective of this research is to complete one of the first comprehensive ecophysiological analyses of the early life stages of corals through a description of: (1) their functionality under 'normal' conditions, and (2) their response to the main drivers of GCC. These analyses will be completed for 2 species representative of a brooding life history strategy, and the experiments will be completed in two locations, one (Taiwan) that provides unrivalled experience in coral reproductive biology, and superb microcosm facilities, and the other (Moorea), with access to a relatively pristine environment, a well described ecological and oceanographic context (through the MCR-LTER), and the capacity to bring a strong biogeographic contrast to the project. The results of the study will be integrated through modeling to explore the effects of GCC on coral community structure over the next century.
The following publications and data resulted from this project:
2013 Wall CB, Fan TY, Edmunds PJ. Ocean acidification has no effect on thermal bleaching in the coral Seriatopora caliendrum. Coral Reefs 33: 119-130.
Symbiodinium_Seriatopora photosynthesis
Symbiodinium_Seriatopora PI curve
Symbiodinium_Seriatopora temp-salinity-light
Symbiodinium_Seriatopora water chemistry
- Download complete data for this publication (Excel file)
2013 Wall CB, Edmunds PJ. In situ effects of low pH and elevated HCO3- on juvenile Porites spp. in Moorea, French Polynesia. Biological Bulletin 225:92-101.
Data at MCR and PANGEA: doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.833913
- Download complete data for this publication (Excel file)
2013 Vivian R Cumbo, Peter J Edmunds, Christopher B Wall, Tung-Yung Fan. Brooded coral larvae differ in their response to high temperature and elevated pCO2 depending on the day of release. Marine Biology DOI 10.1007/s00227-013-2280-y.
Data also at PANGEA: doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.831612
brooded coral larvae 2 - carbonate chemistry
brooded coral larvae 2 - larval release March 2003-2008
brooded coral larvae 2 - respiration_photosyth_mortality
- Download complete data for this publication (Excel file)
2013 Edmunds PJ, Cumbo VR, Fan TY. Metabolic costs of larval settlement and metamorphosis in the coral Seriatopora caliendrum under ambient and elevated pCO2. Journal Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 443: 33-38 Data also at PANGEA: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.821644
Coral post-settlement physiology
- Download complete data for this publication (Excel file)
2013 Aaron M Dufault, Aaron Ninokawa, Lorenzo Bramanti, Vivian R Cumbo, Tung-Yung Fan, Peter J Edmunds. The role of light in mediating the effects of ocean acidification on coral calcification. Journal of Experimental Biology 216: 1570-1577.
coral-light expt.- PAR
coral-light expt.- carbonate chemistry
coral-light expt.- temp_salinity
coral-light expt.- growth
coral-light expt.- protein
coral-light expt.- survival
- Download complete data for this publication (Excel file)
2012 Cumbo, VR, Fan TY, Edmunds PJ. Effects of exposure duration on the response of Pocillopora damicornis larvae to elevated temperature and high pCO2. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 439: 100-107.
Data is also at PANGEA: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.823582
brooded coral larvae 3 - carbonate chemistry
brooded coral larvae 3 - light
brooded coral larvae 3 - mortality
brooded coral larvae 3 - protein
brooded coral larvae 3 - respiration and protein
brooded coral larvae 3 - respiration raw data
brooded coral larvae 3 - symbiont density
brooded coral larvae 3 - tank temperature
- Download part 1 of data for this publication (Excel file)
- Download tank parameters data for this publication (Excel file)
2012 Cumbo, VR, Fan TY, Edmunds PJ. Physiological development of brooded larvae from two pocilloporid corals in Taiwan. Marine Biology 159: 2853-2866.
brooded coral - carbonate chemistry
brooded coral - release
brooded coral - respiration
brooded coral - settlement competency
brooded coral - size_July
brooded coral - size_protein_symbionts_photosynth
- Download complete data for this publication (Excel file)
2012 Dufault, Aaron M; Vivian R Cumbo; Tung-Yung Fan; Peter J Edmunds. Effects of diurnally oscillating pCO2 on the calcification and survival of coral recruits. Royal Society of London (B) 279: 2951-2958. doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.2545
Data is also at PANGEA: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.830185
recruit_growth_area
recruit_growth_weight
recruit_seawater_chemistry
recruit_survival
- Download complete data for this publication (Excel file)
2011 Edmunds PJ, Cumbo V, Fan TY. Effects of temperature on the respiration of brooded larvae from tropical reef corals. Journal of Experimental Biology 214: 2783-2790.
CoralLarvae_comparison_respir
CoralLarvae_release
CoralLarvae_respir
CoralLarvae_size
- Download complete data for this publication (Excel file)
Long Term Ecological Research network (LTER)
adapted from http://www.lternet.edu/
The National Science Foundation established the LTER program in 1980 to support research on long-term ecological phenomena in the United States. The Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network is a collaborative effort involving more than 1800 scientists and students investigating ecological processes over long temporal and broad spatial scales. The LTER Network promotes synthesis and comparative research across sites and ecosystems and among other related national and international research programs. The LTER research sites represent diverse ecosystems with emphasis on different research themes, and cross-site communication, network publications, and research-planning activities are coordinated through the LTER Network Office.
2017 LTER research site map obtained from https://lternet.edu/site/lter-network/
| Funding Source | Award |
|---|---|
| NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) |
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