| Contributors | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Waldbusser, George G. | Oregon State University (OSU-CEOAS) | Principal Investigator |
| Hales, Burke | Oregon State University (OSU-CEOAS) | Contact |
| Rauch, Shannon | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO) | BCO-DMO Data Manager |
Continuous carbonate chemistry data from Whiskey Creek Shellfish Hatchery 2009. Barton et al. 2012 contains all information on data collection, analytical procedures, and uncertainties.
For more information, refer to:
Barton, A., Hales, B., Waldbusser, G.G., Langdon, C., & Feely, R.A. 2009. The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, shows negative correlation to naturally elevated carbon dioxide levels: Implications for near-term ocean acidification effects. Limnol. Oceanogr., 57(3), 698-710. doi: 10.4319/lo.2012.57.3.0698
Sampling and Analytical methods included in Barton et al. 2012. Instrument used: Yellow Springs Instruments (YSI) 6000 EDS sonde. Temperature and salinity are directly from instrument. pH_tot is corrected from pHNBS as described in paper. Saturation state is then computed from correlation with pHtotal as noted in Barton et al. 2012. Instrument specifications indicate an accuracy of ± 0.2 pH units and a precision of ± 0.01 pH units. As noted in paper, instrument performance is checked against discrete samples.
pH and saturation state (omega_A) are calculated as noted above and within Barton et al. 2012.
BCO-DMO edits made:
- modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions;
- calculated month, day, and time using year and julian_day values;
- replaced 'NAN' with 'nd' to indicate 'no data'.
| File |
|---|
barton_continuous.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 940.46 KB) MD5:b397facf7afaa4424f365c4cbd8d3808 Primary data file for dataset ID 541282 |
| Parameter | Description | Units |
| julian_day | Julian day of the year. Named 'YSI_DOY' in original data file. | unitless |
| month | 2-digit month of year. Calculated from julian_day. | unitless |
| day | 2-digit day of month. Calculated from julian_day. | unitless |
| year | 4-digit year. | unitless |
| time | Time formatted as 2-digit hour, 2-digit minutes, and decimal minutes; 24-hour clock. Calculated from julian_day. | unitless |
| temp | Temperature in degrees Celsius. Named 'YSI_T' in original data file. | degress Celsius |
| sal | Salinity in PSU. Named 'YSI_S' in original data file. | practical salinity units (PSU) |
| pH_tot | pH on the total scale corrected from the NBS scale as outline in Barton et al. 2012 paper. Named 'YSI_pH_total_cor' in original data file. | unitless |
| omega_A | Saturation state with respect to aragonite computed from correlation with pH_tot as described in Barton et al. 2012 paper. Named 'YSI_omega2' in original data file. | unitless |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | YSI Sonde 6-Series |
| Generic Instrument Name | YSI Sonde 6-Series |
| Dataset-specific Description | pH was recorded by an in situ Yellow Springs Instruments (YSI) 6000 EDS sonde. |
| Generic Instrument Description | YSI 6-Series water quality sondes and sensors are instruments for environmental monitoring and long-term deployments. YSI datasondes accept multiple water quality sensors (i.e., they are multiparameter sondes). Sondes can measure temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, depth, turbidity, and other water quality parameters. The 6-Series includes several models. More from YSI. |
| Website | |
| Platform | Whiskey Creek Shellfish Hatchery |
| Start Date | 2009-05-09 |
| End Date | 2011-08-01 |
| Description | Whiskey Creek Shellfish Hatchery is a commercial shellfish hatchery located in Netarts Bay, a small bay on the northern Oregon coast. |
Extracted from the NSF award abstract:
The shift in the carbonate chemistry of marine waters, as a result of direct anthropogenic CO2 addition and climate-driven changes in circulation, poses a threat to many organisms. A rapidly expanding body of literature has shown that increasing levels of carbonic acid and decreasing carbonate ion levels will have deleterious effects on many marine organisms; however little is known about the mode of action of these changes in water chemistry on marine bivalves. Many marine organisms, particularly bivalves, depend critically on the production of calcium carbonate mineral, and this material becomes thermodynamically unstable under more acidic conditions. The actual mineral precipitation, however, takes place within interstitial volumes intermittently separated from ambient seawater by biological membranes. Therefore, abiotic relationships between solid phase minerals and seawater thermodynamics are oversimplified representations of the complex interplay among seawater chemistry, bivalve physiology, and shell growth processes.
In this integrative, multi-disciplinary project we will develop and apply novel experimental approaches to elucidate fundamental physiological responses to changes in seawater chemistry associated with ocean acidification. The four primary objectives of this project are to: 1) develop a novel experimental approach and system capable of unique combinations of pCO2, pH, and mineral saturation state (Ω), 2) conduct short-term exploratory experiments to determine bivalve responses to different carbonate system variables, 3) conduct longer-term directed studies of the integrated effects of different carbonate system variables over early life history of bivalves, and 4) compare these biological responses among a group of bivalve species that differ in shell mineralogy and nativity to the periodically acidified upwelling region of the Pacific Northwest coast of North America. By isolating the effects of different components of the carbonate system on the early life stages of marine bivalves, e.g. does an oyster larvae respond more strongly to pCO2 or mineral saturation state?, we can begin to identify the mechanisms behind bivalve responses as well as understand how these organisms survive in transiently corrosive conditions.
Laboratory based experiments on three primary taxa (oyster, mussel, clam) having native and non-native species pairs to Oregon’s coastal waters: oysters Ostrea lurida and Crassostrea gigas; mussels Mytilus califonianus and Mytilus galloprovincialis; and clams Macoma nasuta and Ruditapes philippinarum, will allow for species comparisons among different shell mineralogy, microstructure, life-history, and adaptability. High-precision pCO2 and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) instruments will be used in experiments to control and properly constrain the carbonate chemistry. A compliment of response variables will be measured across the early life stages of these species that include tissue acid-base balance, shell mineralogy and chemistry, respiration rate, and behavior. Additionally, our emphasis will be placed on observation of development, growth, and shell structure by directly linking observational data with other measured response data. An adaptive strategy using short-term experiments to determine the most salient variables in the carbonate system to manipulate in longer-term studies is being employed. This approach allows us to evaluate acute effects, mimicking diurnal changes to carbonate variables often found in coastal areas, and integrated chronic effects mimicking a more gradual acidification due to the rise in atmospheric CO2.
NSF Climate Research Investment (CRI) activities that were initiated in 2010 are now included under Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES). SEES is a portfolio of activities that highlights NSF's unique role in helping society address the challenge(s) of achieving sustainability. Detailed information about the SEES program is available from NSF (https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=504707).
In recognition of the need for basic research concerning the nature, extent and impact of ocean acidification on oceanic environments in the past, present and future, the goal of the SEES: OA program is to understand (a) the chemistry and physical chemistry of ocean acidification; (b) how ocean acidification interacts with processes at the organismal level; and (c) how the earth system history informs our understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on the present day and future ocean.
Solicitations issued under this program:
NSF 10-530, FY 2010-FY2011
NSF 12-500, FY 2012
NSF 12-600, FY 2013
NSF 13-586, FY 2014
NSF 13-586 was the final solicitation that will be released for this program.
PI Meetings:
1st U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(March 22-24, 2011, Woods Hole, MA)
2nd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(Sept. 18-20, 2013, Washington, DC)
3rd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting (June 9-11, 2015, Woods Hole, MA – Tentative)
NSF media releases for the Ocean Acidification Program:
Press Release 10-186 NSF Awards Grants to Study Effects of Ocean Acidification
Discovery Blue Mussels "Hang On" Along Rocky Shores: For How Long?
Press Release 13-102 World Oceans Month Brings Mixed News for Oysters
| Funding Source | Award |
|---|---|
| NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) |