Dataset: CHIPS02 - seastar chiton urchin counts in quadrats

Name: Comparison of recruitment dynamics in five intertidal marine invertebrates following mass mortality along the northeastern Pacific coastline in 2005 (CHIPS project)
Published: 2015-08-06
Keywords: biota, oceans

Cite This Dataset

DOI:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.562467.1

Spatial Extent: N:38.9128 E:-121.8634 S:36.2805 W:-123.7108

Temporal Extent: 2012-10-16 - 2013-06-25

Project:

Ecological & genetic recovery from a massive invertebrate die-off along the central coast of California (CHIPS)

Principal Investigator:

Michael N. Dawson (University of California-Merced, UC Merced)

Co-Principal Investigator:

Brian Gaylord (University of California-Davis BML, UC Davis-BML)

Richard K. Grosberg (University of California-Davis, UC Davis)

Student:

Laura J. Jurgens (University of California-Davis BML, UC Davis-BML)

Lauren Schiebelhut (University of California-Merced, UC Merced)

Contact:

Lauren Schiebelhut (University of California-Merced, UC Merced)

BCO-DMO Data Manager:

Nancy Copley (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Sawyer Newman (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Version:

Version Date:

2015-08-06

Restricted:

Release Date:

2022-08-16

Validated:

Yes

Current State:

Final no updates expected

Comparison of recruitment dynamics in five intertidal marine invertebrates following mass mortality along the northeastern Pacific coastline in 2005 (CHIPS project)

Abstract:

Twenty accessible rocky intertidal sites were selected to span the ‘kill-zone’ and peripheral locations (see list of sites in Schiebelhut et al. in prep; see also Jurgens et al. 2015). Two rocky intertidal areas were sampled per site, usually one on either side of the point of entry onto the beach and separated by approximately 100 m. We used quadrats (1m2 [4 * 0.25 m^2] or 0.0625 m^2) and swaths (2 m wide transects) to estimate juvenile and adult abundance for each target species. This data set includes counts of Pisaster ochraceus, Cryptochiton stelleri and Leptasterias sp. in quadrats and swaths along the California coast from 37.9 N to 38.9 N. The CHlPS-02 dataset has some overlap with the CHlPS-01 dataset. Data that share the same location and date represent the same collections. In the CHlPS-01 dataset from Jurgens et al. (2015), the datum presented is the sum of individuals across life-stages and across areas-within-site for each species. In the CHlPS-02 dataset from Schiebelhut et al., the data presented are the total counts within life-stage (recruit or adult) and within-area-within-site for each species. Thus, for example, for Arena Cove on 02 December 2013, the CHlPS-01 dataset states there were 44 Henricia; the CHlPS-02 dataset states there were 6 recruits plus 4 adults in Area 1 and 15 recruits plus 19 adults in Area 2.

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Archival Copy

Version Date	Archive	Persistent Identifier (PID)	Date PID Issued
2015-08-06	Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)	10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.562467.1	2022-08-19

Methods & Sampling

Quadrats for C. stelleri, Henricia sp., Leptasterias sp., P. ochraceus:
We exhaustively searched 32-40 one-meter square quadrats per site (i.e. 16-20 per each of 2 areas), recording GPS waypoint, time, percent cover of major habitat types, and abundances and sizes of target species for each quadrat. Quadrat locations were selected by first finding one of the target habitat types - surf grass, low-zone red algae, coralline turf, cobble or boulder field, urchin pools with pits either empty or occupied, or mussel bed - selecting a starting point haphazardly, and then using a random numbers table to choose specific quadrat locations. Some sites had fewer than 32 quadrats or quadrats smaller than one-square meter due to the limited time in which we could work in suitable habitat. For mussel habitat one 0.25 m x 0.25 m quadrat was used. For Schiebelhut et al. (in prep) we calculated the number of each target species summed across all quadrats surveyed within each of the two areas within sites.

Swaths for C. stelleri, Henricia sp., Leptasterias sp., P. ochraceus:
Timed, GPS-tracked, 2 m wide swath transects were nested within each of the two areas within all sites. From a distance, an approximate starting point and orientation (with landmarks) for the starting transect was selected. The GPS was set to auto-record a trackpoint every 6 seconds. Transects ran from the most shoreward to the most seaward possible suitable habitat at approximately 10 m intervals along shore, particularly targeting the low zone when the tide was the lowest, with as many transects being done as permitted by the tide. The start and end of each transect was GPS waypointed and recorded. All target species were searched for across the 2 m wide swath, with intertidal zones and habitat type recorded. A waypoint was recorded for each individual target species, with any additional species found within a meter being counted and recorded for the same waypoint. When the field of view was clear some swaths were extended to 4 meters wide. For Jurgens et al. (submitted) we calculated the number of each target species summed across all swaths within each of the two areas within sites.

Data Processing Description

To estimate swath length we first summed the Euclidean distances between consecutive GPS trackpoints. Given the GPS had an error of +/- 3 meters we smoothed the GPS tracks by averaging across two trackpoints and then by three. We selected a window size of two with which to estimate our total transect length to adjust for the noise in our swath transects but to minimize oversmoothing. (see example figure below). We identified and removed outlying trackpoints that led to a Euclidean distance >=8 meters (likely due to temporarily poor satellite signal). The distance was then recalculated between the trackpoints immediately preceding and following the removed trackpoint. Total transect search area was calculated by multiplying the total adjusted transect length by swath width. Total transect search time was estimated using field notes and GPS waypoints and trackpoints, removing 6-second intervals where < 0.05 m were traveled (suggesting this was time during which notes were being written or tissues samples were being collected).

Swath figure: Sample GPS tracks for two transects at Iversen Point, Mendocino County. The blue line is the original unsmoothed track. The red line represents a window size of two, averaging latitudes and longitudes across each pair of consecutive trackpoints. The green line represents a window size of 3, averaging across 3 trackpoints.

BCO-DMO Processing Notes:

- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date, reference information
- renamed parameters to BCO-DMO standard
- reformatted date from m/d/yyyy to yyyy-mm-dd
- removed spaces and special characters

Data Files

File
CHIPS02_quad_counts.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 5.86 KB) MD5:143b5528f5a86b11d107b6bea2b8e40b Primary data file for dataset ID 562467

More Information about this dataset

Funding Sources

Funding Source	Award Number
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-1243970
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-1243958

Deployments

Deployment	Synonyms	Start Date	Platform	Investigator
CalifCoast_Gaylord_CHIPS		2005-01-01	shoreside Calif_shore	Brian Gaylord (Principal Investigator)	data info

Instruments

Global Positioning System Receiver

Supplied Name: GPS

Supplied Description:

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Global Positioning System Receiver

Acronym: GPS

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/POS03/

Generic Description:

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a U.S. space-based radionavigation system that provides reliable positioning, navigation, and timing services to civilian users on a continuous worldwide basis. The U.S. Air Force develops, maintains, and operates the space and control segments of the NAVSTAR GPS transmitter system. Ships use a variety of receivers (e.g. Trimble and Ashtech) to interpret the GPS signal and determine accurate latitude and longitude.

Parameters

Date and time formats are described in python strftime() syntax.

Supplied Name	Supplied description	Supplied Units	Standard Name
season	sequential sampling season number	unitless	season
site	name of the site where data were taken	unitless	site
sub_site	site within sampling area	unitless	site
lat	latitude; north is positive	decimal degrees	lat
lon	longitude; east is positive	decimal degrees	lon
loss_zone	the site is inside (Y) or outside (N) the region across which intertidal Strongylocentrotus purpuratus were extirpated; none=No pre-HAB urchin population	unitless	no_bcodmo_term
date	survey date in format %Y-%M-%D	unitless	date
area	total square meters surveyed in quadrats at sub-site; year or time-period may be specified.	meter^2	no_bcodmo_term
count_P_ochraceus_R	number of Pisaster ochraceus recruits found within an area of quadrats	individuals	count
count_C_stelleri_R	number of Cryptochiton stelleri recruits found within an area of quadrats	individuals	count
count_S_purpuratus_R	number of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus recruits found within an area of quadrats	individuals	count
count_Leptasterias_R	number of Leptasterias aequalis recruits found within an area of quadrats	individuals	count
count_P_ochraceus_A	number of Pisaster ochraceus adults found within an area of quadrats	individuals	count
count_C_stelleri_A	number of Cryptochiton stelleri adults found within an area of quadrats	individuals	count
count_S_purpuratus_A	number of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus adults found within an area of quadrats	individuals	count
count_Leptasterias_A	number of Leptasterias aequalis adults found within an area of quadrats	individuals	count
count_Henricia_A	number of Henricia pumila adults found within an area of quadrats	individuals	count
count_Henricia_R	number of Henricia pumila recruits found within an area of quadrats	individuals	count

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Database

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Dataset: CHIPS02 - seastar chiton urchin counts in quadrats