| Contributors | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Cordes, Erik E. | Temple University (Temple) | Principal Investigator, Contact |
| Ake, Hannah | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO) | BCO-DMO Data Manager |
Sample logs from HOV Alvin dives (AL4704-AL4716) on R/V Atlantis (AT26-14) between April - May 2014 in the Gulf of Mexico.
Sample logs were acquired for each dive. UTM coordinates, lat/lons, depths, and sampling descriptions are included.
Data Management Office Processing Notes:
-Combined separate deployment files into one table.
-Re-formatted column names to comply with BCO-DMO naming standards.
| File |
|---|
sample_logs.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 53.03 KB) MD5:3cbaa3b90316be5ff82a7a5bab8d1544 Primary data file for dataset ID 659440 |
| Parameter | Description | Units |
| dive | Dive ID number | unitless |
| sampleLog_date | Date sample was taken; mm/dd/yy | unitless |
| sampleLog_time | Time sample was taken; HH:MM | unitless |
| sampleLog_seconds | Seconds into dive sampling occurs; SSSSS | seconds |
| sampleLog_sample | Sampling method | unitless |
| sampleLog_location | Sampling location | unitless |
| sampleLog_pump | Sampling pump; on or off | unitless |
| sampleLog_species | Species sampled | unitless |
| sampleLog_notes | Notes on sampling | unitless |
| time | Time sample was taken as it occurs in footage; HH:MM:SS | unitless |
| lat | Latitude | decimal degrees |
| lon | Longitude | decimal degrees |
| utmx | Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system X coordinates | meters |
| utmy | Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system Y coordinates | meters |
| depth | Depth of sample | meters |
| time_sec | Seconds into dive the start of sampling occurs | seconds |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Pump |
| Generic Instrument Name | Alvin Slurp Sampler |
| Dataset-specific Description | Pump used to collect samples from seafloor or water column |
| Generic Instrument Description | Small and large capacity vacuum pump samplers. May have single or multiple chambers. See http://www.whoi.edu/main/alvin/subsystems/optional-scientific-samplers |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Niskin |
| Generic Instrument Name | Niskin bottle |
| Dataset-specific Description | Used to collect water samples |
| Generic Instrument Description | A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc. |
| Website | |
| Platform | R/V Atlantis |
| Start Date | 2014-04-27 |
| End Date | 2014-05-16 |
| Website | |
| Platform | Alvin |
| Start Date | 2014-04-27 |
| End Date | 2014-05-14 |
The Gulf of Mexico deep water ecosystems are threatened by the persistent threat of ocean acidification. Deep-water corals will be among the first to feel the effects of this process, in particular the deep-water scleractinians that form their skeleton from aragonite. The continued shoaling of the aragonite saturation horizon (the depth below which aragonite is undersaturated) will place many of the known, and as yet undiscovered, deep-water corals at risk in the very near future. The most common deep-water framework-forming scleractinian in the world's oceans is Lophelia pertusa. This coral is most abundant in the North Atlantic, where aragonite saturation states are relatively high, but it also creates extensive reef structures between 300 and 600 m depth in the Gulf of Mexico where aragonite saturation states were previously unknown. Preliminary data indicate that pH at this depth range is between 7.85 and 8.03, and the aragonite saturation state is typically between 1.28 and 1.69. These are the first measurements of aragonite saturation state for the deep Gulf of Mexico, and are among the lowest Aragonite saturation state yet recorded for framework-forming corals in any body of water, at any depth.
This project will examine the effects of ocean acidification on L. pertusa, combining laboratory experiments, rigorous oceanographic measurements, the latest genome and transcriptome sequencing platforms, and quantitative PCR and enzyme assays to examine changes in coral gene expression and enzyme activity related to differences in carbonate chemistry. Short-term and long-term laboratory experiments will be performed at Aragonite saturation state of 1.45 and 0.75 and the organismal (e.g., survivorship and calcification rate) and genetic (e.g., transcript abundance) responses of the coral will be monitored. Genomic DNA and RNA will be extracted, total mRNA purified, and comprehensive and quantitative profiles of the transcriptome generated using a combination of 454 and Illumina sequencing technologies. Key genes in the calcification pathways as well as other differentially expressed genes will be targeted for specific qPCR assays to verify the Illumina sequencing results. On a research cruise, L. pertusa will be sampled (preserved at depth) along a natural gradient in carbonate chemistry, and included in the Illumina sequencing and qPCR assays. Water samples will be obtained by submersible-deployed niskin bottles adjacent to the coral collections as well as CTD casts of the water column overlying the sites. Water samples will be analyzed for pH, alkalinity, nitrates and soluble reactive phosphorus. These will be used in combination with historical data in a model to hindcast Aragonite saturation state.
This project will provide new physiological and genetic data on an ecologically-significant and anthropogenically-threatened deepwater coral in the Gulf of Mexico. An experimental system, already developed by the PIs, offers controlled conditions to test the effect of Aragonite saturation state on calcification rates in scleractinians and, subsequently, to identify candidate genes and pathways involved in the response to reduced pH and Aragonite saturation state. Both long-term and population sampling experiments will provide additional transcriptomic data and specifically investigate the expression of the candidate genes. These results will contribute to our understanding of the means by which scleractinians may acclimate and acclimatize to low pH, alkalinity, and Aragonite saturation state. Furthermore, the investigators will continue a time series of oceanographic measurements of the carbonate system in the Gulf of Mexico, which will allow the inclusion of this significant body of water in models of past and future ocean acidification scenarios.
NSF Climate Research Investment (CRI) activities that were initiated in 2010 are now included under Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES). SEES is a portfolio of activities that highlights NSF's unique role in helping society address the challenge(s) of achieving sustainability. Detailed information about the SEES program is available from NSF (https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=504707).
In recognition of the need for basic research concerning the nature, extent and impact of ocean acidification on oceanic environments in the past, present and future, the goal of the SEES: OA program is to understand (a) the chemistry and physical chemistry of ocean acidification; (b) how ocean acidification interacts with processes at the organismal level; and (c) how the earth system history informs our understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on the present day and future ocean.
Solicitations issued under this program:
NSF 10-530, FY 2010-FY2011
NSF 12-500, FY 2012
NSF 12-600, FY 2013
NSF 13-586, FY 2014
NSF 13-586 was the final solicitation that will be released for this program.
PI Meetings:
1st U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(March 22-24, 2011, Woods Hole, MA)
2nd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(Sept. 18-20, 2013, Washington, DC)
3rd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting (June 9-11, 2015, Woods Hole, MA – Tentative)
NSF media releases for the Ocean Acidification Program:
Press Release 10-186 NSF Awards Grants to Study Effects of Ocean Acidification
Discovery Blue Mussels "Hang On" Along Rocky Shores: For How Long?
Press Release 13-102 World Oceans Month Brings Mixed News for Oysters
| Funding Source | Award |
|---|---|
| NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) |