Carbonate chemistry from Mud Patch bottom water, from R/V Endeavor EN524 in the continental shelf off New England; 40.43 N 70.5 W from May 2013 (OA, Hypoxia and Warming project)

Website: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/670390
Data Type: Cruise Results
Version:
Version Date: 2016-12-15

Project
» Ocean Acidification, Hypoxia and Warming: Experimental Investigations into Compounded Effects of Global Change on Benthic Foraminifera (OA, Hypoxia and Warming)

Program
» Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES): Ocean Acidification (formerly CRI-OA) (SEES-OA)
ContributorsAffiliationRole
Bernhard, Joan M.Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)Principal Investigator
Copley, NancyWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO)BCO-DMO Data Manager


Dataset Description

This dataset includes bottom-water DIC and alkalinity, with additional carbonate calculations, from R/V Endeavor EN524 in the Mud Patch site, continental shelf off New England; 40.43 N 70.5 W from May 2013.


Methods & Sampling

Bottom waters were obtained via CTD-Niskin rosette deployment to within ~5 m of the bottom.  Triplicate samples were analyzed for DIC and alkalinity from each of 3 deployments.  Alkalinity was determined using Gran titrations of 1 ml samples.  DIC was determined manometrically on ~5-ml samples using an automated vacuum extraction system.

All other carbonate system parameters were calculated via using CO2SYS (Lewis & Wallace 1998) and the dissociation constants of Mehrbach et al. (1973) as refit by Dickson & Millero (1987), and the calcite solubility of Mucci (1983).

Related Reference: JC Wit, MM Davis, DC Mccorkle, JM Bernhard, A short-term survival experiment assessing impacts of ocean acidification and hypoxia on the benthic foraminifer Globobulimina turgida (2016) Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 46: 25-33. https://doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.46.1.25


Data Processing Description

BCO-DMO Processing Notes:
- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date
- modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions
- replaced spaces with underscores
- reduced significant digits to right of decimal point from 11 to 2 for DIC, ALK and carbonate
- added yrday_utc and ISO_DateTime_UTC, calculated from date and time


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Data Files

File
carbonate_chemistry.csv
(Comma Separated Values (.csv), 1.28 KB)
MD5:79264c86fc56721e644852ce9f244859
Primary data file for dataset ID 670390

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Parameters

ParameterDescriptionUnits
sample

sample identifier

unitless
event

event number

unitless
lat

latitude; north is positive

decimal degrees
lon

longitude; east is positive

decimal degrees
date

date formatted as yyyy-mm-dd

unitless
time

UTC time formatted as HH:MM

unitless
yrday_utc

UTC day and decimal time:eg. 326.5 for the 326th day of the year or November 22 at 1200 hours (noon)

julian day and fraction of day
ISO_DateTime_UTC

Date/Time (UTC) ISO formatted based on ISO 8601:2004(E) with format YYYY-mm-ddTHH:MM:SS[.xx]Z

year;month;day;hour;minute;second
depth_w

depth of water

meters
DIC

dissolved inorganic carbon

micromole/kilogram (umol/kg)
alkalinity

total alkalinity

micromole/kilogram (umol/kg)
pCO2

partial pressure of carbon dioxide computation from pH and alkalinity

ppmv
bicarbonate

concentration of bicarbonate ion ([HCO3]-)

micromole/kilogram seawater (umol/kg)
carbonate

concentration of carbonate ion ([CO3]2-) in seawater

micromole/kilogram seawater (umol/kg)
Om_calcite

The saturation state of seawater with respect to calcite

dimensionless
pH

pH: The measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution

dimensionless


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Instruments

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
Generic Instrument Name
Niskin bottle
Generic Instrument Description
A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc.


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Deployments

EN524

Website
Platform
R/V Endeavor
Start Date
2013-05-19
End Date
2013-05-22
Description
UNOLS cruise request:  http://strs.unols.org/Public/diu_project_view.aspx?project_id=103010 The May cruise is the first for the NSF OCE funded Ocean Acidification, Hypoxia and Warming project also known by the project researchers as "OA Propagule".  The cruise was timed such that samples would be collected soon after the spring bloom. During the cruise, investigators plan to collect CTD profile data, including dissolved oxygen, bottom water with Niskin bottles deployed on the CTD rosette, MC800 multicores, and Soutar boxcores from the "Mud Patch" study site. The study area is located on the continental shelf approximately 50 nm south of Martha's Vineyard (40.43 N 70.5 W). The original cruise event log and other underway data submitted by the vessel operator will be available from the NSF R2R cruise catalog. Cruise track image from the University of Rhode Island, the vessel operator.


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Project Information

Ocean Acidification, Hypoxia and Warming: Experimental Investigations into Compounded Effects of Global Change on Benthic Foraminifera (OA, Hypoxia and Warming)

Coverage: continental shelf off New England


from the NSF award abstract:

The average sea surface temperature (SST) has increased over the last 100 years, rising atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) is lowering the pH of the oceans, and the extent and intensity of low-oxygen bottom waters is growing, at least in certain regions. The biological impacts of these ongoing changes -- warming, acidification, and hypoxia -- have each been studied independently, but few studies have explored the possible interactions among these stressors.

This research, led by a scientist from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, studies the compounded effects of ocean acidification, hypoxia, and warming on an assemblage of benthic foraminifera collected from the continental shelf off New England. Foraminifera are an ideal organism for this work because they (1) are relatively small, allowing experimentation on statistically significant populations; (2) have both calcareous and non-calcareous representatives; (3) are relatively short-lived so experiments include a major portion of their life cycle; (4) include aerobes and anaerobes; and (5) provide a fossil record allowing comparisons across time. Laboratory culturing experiments will be used to determine the response of benthic foraminifera, in terms of survival and growth, to co-varying parameters of pH and oxygen, and to explore the influence of increased temperature on these responses. The researchers will examine the relative effects of higher pCO2, lower [O2], and higher temperature (T) on both calcareous and non-calcareous benthic foraminifera. In addition, they will examine the pre-Industrial benthic foraminiferal assemblage at the field site, and will compare that assemblage to those produced in the experiments under pre-Industrial (lower than current day) and elevated pCO2 levels.



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Program Information

Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES): Ocean Acidification (formerly CRI-OA) (SEES-OA)


Coverage: global


NSF Climate Research Investment (CRI) activities that were initiated in 2010 are now included under Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES). SEES is a portfolio of activities that highlights NSF's unique role in helping society address the challenge(s) of achieving sustainability. Detailed information about the SEES program is available from NSF (https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=504707).

In recognition of the need for basic research concerning the nature, extent and impact of ocean acidification on oceanic environments in the past, present and future, the goal of the SEES: OA program is to understand (a) the chemistry and physical chemistry of ocean acidification; (b) how ocean acidification interacts with processes at the organismal level; and (c) how the earth system history informs our understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on the present day and future ocean.

Solicitations issued under this program:
NSF 10-530, FY 2010-FY2011
NSF 12-500, FY 2012
NSF 12-600, FY 2013
NSF 13-586, FY 2014
NSF 13-586 was the final solicitation that will be released for this program.

PI Meetings:
1st U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(March 22-24, 2011, Woods Hole, MA)
2nd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(Sept. 18-20, 2013, Washington, DC)
3rd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting (June 9-11, 2015, Woods Hole, MA – Tentative)

NSF media releases for the Ocean Acidification Program:

Press Release 10-186 NSF Awards Grants to Study Effects of Ocean Acidification

Discovery Blue Mussels "Hang On" Along Rocky Shores: For How Long?

Discovery nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) Discoveries - Trouble in Paradise: Ocean Acidification This Way Comes - US National Science Foundation (NSF)

Press Release 12-179 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Ocean Acidification: Finding New Answers Through National Science Foundation Research Grants - US National Science Foundation (NSF)

Press Release 13-102 World Oceans Month Brings Mixed News for Oysters

Press Release 13-108 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Natural Underwater Springs Show How Coral Reefs Respond to Ocean Acidification - US National Science Foundation (NSF)

Press Release 13-148 Ocean acidification: Making new discoveries through National Science Foundation research grants

Press Release 13-148 - Video nsf.gov - News - Video - NSF Ocean Sciences Division Director David Conover answers questions about ocean acidification. - US National Science Foundation (NSF)

Press Release 14-010 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Palau's coral reefs surprisingly resistant to ocean acidification - US National Science Foundation (NSF)

Press Release 14-116 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Ocean Acidification: NSF awards $11.4 million in new grants to study effects on marine ecosystems - US National Science Foundation (NSF)



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Funding

Funding SourceAward
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE)

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