Dataset: Copepod escape speed

Name: Experimental results on the speed of escape for five species of calanoid copepod and multiple developmental stages in response to artificial hydrodynamic stimuli (PreyEscape project)
Published: 2017-04-12
Keywords: oceans

Cite This Dataset

Spatial Extent: N:21.3 E:-157.8197 S:21.3 W:-157.8197

Project:

The Drive to Survive: Copepods vs Ichthyoplankton (PreyEscape)

Principal Investigator:

Petra H. Lenz (University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, PBRC)

Co-Principal Investigator:

Daniel K. Hartline (University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, PBRC)

BCO-DMO Data Manager:

Nancy Copley (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Version Date:

2017-04-12

Restricted:

Validated:

Yes

Current State:

Final no updates expected

Experimental results on the speed of escape for five species of calanoid copepod and multiple developmental stages in response to artificial hydrodynamic stimuli (PreyEscape project)

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Description

This dataset includes the maximum speed of escape for five species of calanoid copepod and multiple developmental stages in response to an abrupt hydromechanical stimulus (moving sphere, suction).

These data were published in:

Buskey, E.J., Strickler, J.R., Bradley, C.J., Hartline, D.K. and Lenz, P.H., 2017. Escapes in copepods: comparison between myelinate and amyelinate species. Journal of Experimental Biology, 220(5), pp.754-758. doi:10.1242/jeb.148304

Sources of data: Acartia tonsa (immature stages; current study), Acartia tonsa (adult females; Buskey et al. 2002); Bestiolina similis (current study); Eurytemora affinis (Bradley et al. 2013); Parvocalanus crassirostris (Bradley et al. 2013); Centropages hamatus (Burdick et al. 2007)

Methods & Sampling

Copepods' approaches to and escapes from the source of a fluid disturbance were recorded on high-speed digital video (500 fps) in 3D. The optical set-up used is a scaled down version of a system described in Strickler (1998). The system, which uses beam splitters and prisms, generates in a single recorded image of two views, the front (x, z) and the side (y, z). These 3-D views were recorded high-speed digital video cameras (in Texas by a Photron FastCam Super 10K series, in Hawaii by a Kodak Motioncorder SR-3000) at 500 frames per second.

For the behavioral experiments, sets of individuals were transferred into the experimental chamber (1.25 x 1.25 x 4.5 cm) at densities of 7 to 15 ind mL-1 for nauplii, and 1.5 to 3 ind mL-1 for copepodites. When one or more individuals were within the camera view the hydromechanical stimulus was triggered and a video sequence that included footage from before and after the trigger was recorded.

The hydromechanical stimulus: a 3-mm diameter inert plastic sphere was attached to a stiff rod mounted to a piezoelectric pusher (DSM LPA 100 Dynamic Structures) and positioned in the upper quarter of the optical vessel. A pulse trigger controlled the pusher, which displaced the sphere downward by 35 microns in 0.5 ms, returning it to its initial position 60 ms later.

Data Processing Description

For the analysis, more than 800 escape sequences in response to the stimulus were reviewed and the copepods’ body-axis orientation just prior to the stimulus trigger was recorded. A sub-set of these sequences was analyzed for maximum escape speeds. For this analysis, x,z and y,z coordinates of the copepod were measured to obtain the distance moved between frames and dividing this by the time interval between frames (2 ms). Maximum escape speeds were obtained from the literature for Parvocalanus crassirostris and Eurytemora affinis (Bradley et al. 2013), Acartia tonsa adults (Buskey et al. 2002) and Centropages hamatus (Burdick et al. 2007).

BCO-DMO Processing Notes:
- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date
- modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions
- transposed species and myelin_flag rows to columns to create a flat file required to serve data on BCO-DMO
- replaced spaces with underscores
- added missing standard deviations for Acartia tonsa male and female to the data (version:2017-04-12)

Data Files

File
copepod_escape_speed.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 1.75 KB) MD5:a2bcb231a408fc6faf7d90e9eceaa16b Primary data file for dataset ID 686940

More Information about this dataset

Funding Sources

Funding Source	Award Number
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-1235549
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-0451376
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-0452159

Deployments

Deployment	Synonyms	Start Date	Platform	Investigator
CopepodEscape_2017		2017-01-01	Lenz_lab	Petra H. Lenz (Principal Investigator)	data info

Instruments

Camera

Supplied Name: Photron FastCam 10K series or Kodak Motioncorder SR-3000

Supplied Description:

Used to record swimming behavior of copepods

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Camera

Acronym: camera

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/311/

Generic Description:

All types of photographic equipment including stills, video, film and digital systems.

Parameters

Date and time formats are described in python strftime() syntax.

Supplied Name	Supplied description	Supplied Units	Standard Name
species	copepod species	unitless	species
myelin_flag	whether species possess (yes) or lack (no) myelin sheath on nerve cells	unitless	flag
stage	copepod developmental stage: N = nauplius stages 1-6; C = copepodite stages 1-5; C6_Fem/Male = adult stage and sex	unitless	stage
length_um	copepod body total length	microns	length
length_mm	copepod body total length	millimeters	length
speed	maximum escape speed	millimeters/second	no_bcodmo_term
speed_stdev	standard deviation for maximum speed	millimeters/second	std_dev

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Database

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Dataset: Copepod escape speed