| Contributors | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ingall, Ellery | Georgia Institute of Technology (GA Tech) | Principal Investigator |
| Rauch, Shannon | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO) | BCO-DMO Data Manager |
Methodology: X-ray spectromicroscopy data were collected using an energy dispersive silicon drift detector (Ketek with a 5mm2 sensitive area). A flow of helium was introduced between the X-ray optical hardware and the sample to reduce X-ray backscatter. An in-line monitor stick composed of hydroxyapatite was measured with each sample in order to identify and correct for any potential drift in monochrometer energy calibration that occurred during analyses (de Jonge et al., 2010). Clean areas of Teflon and cellulose acetate filters were examined as blanks and showed negligible background signal. The data for an individual P-NEXFS spectrum were normalized to create a relative intensity value ofapproximately 1 for post-edge area of the spectra (>2160 eV).
Sampling and analytical procedures: Phosphorus compounds were obtained from chemical supply houses. See papers cited below for details.
Instruments: X-ray fluorescence microscope located at beamline 2-ID-B at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. The beamline is optimized to examine samples over a 1–4 keV energy range using a focused X-ray beam with a spot size of approximately 60 nanometers squared . The energy was calibrated using a NIST standard reference material SRM2910 calcium hydroxyapatite. The whiteline energy of the standard was set to 2153 eV.
Data processing: P-NEXFS data were normalized to create a relative intensity value of approximately 1 for post-edge area of the spectra.
BCO-DMO Processing: modified parameter names (replaced spaces and hyphens with underscores, removed special characters, replaced ' with "prime"; renamed "2-aminoethylphosphonic acid" to "Two-aminoethylphosphonic acid".
| File |
|---|
Phosphorus_NEXFS_Standards.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 13.01 KB) MD5:5bcfc9b18413185646d88b77132441fd Primary data file for dataset ID 762119 |
| Parameter | Description | Units |
| Energy | X-ray energy | nd |
| Two_aminoethylphosphonic_acid | Name of organic phosphorus compound. Units (x-ray fluorescence counts) are normalized to incoming radiation. CAS# 2041-14-7 | x-ray fluorescence counts |
| Ammonium_OO_diethyldithiophosphate | Name of organic phosphorus compound. Units (x-ray fluorescence counts) are normalized to incoming radiation. CAS# 1068-22-0 | x-ray fluorescence counts |
| Ammonium_Polyphosphate | Name of organic phosphorus compound. Units (x-ray fluorescence counts) are normalized to incoming radiation. CAS# 68333-79-9 | x-ray fluorescence counts |
| Adenosine_5prime_triphosphate | Name of organic phosphorus compound. Units (x-ray fluorescence counts) are normalized to incoming radiation. CAS# 51963-61-2 | x-ray fluorescence counts |
| Glycerol_Phosphate | Name of organic phosphorus compound. Units (x-ray fluorescence counts) are normalized to incoming radiation. CAS# 55073-41-1 | x-ray fluorescence counts |
| Hexametaphosphate | Name of organic phosphorus compound. Units (x-ray fluorescence counts) are normalized to incoming radiation. CAS# 68915-31-1 | x-ray fluorescence counts |
| Polyphosphate_CL15 | Name of organic phosphorus compound. Units (x-ray fluorescence counts) are normalized to incoming radiation. Chain Length 15 | x-ray fluorescence counts |
| Sodium_tripolyphosphate | Name of organic phosphorus compound. Units (x-ray fluorescence counts) are normalized to incoming radiation. CAS# 7758-29-4 | x-ray fluorescence counts |
| O_Phospho_L_Serine | Name of organic phosphorus compound. Units (x-ray fluorescence counts) are normalized to incoming radiation. CAS# 407-41-0 | x-ray fluorescence counts |
| O_Phosphorylethanolamine | Name of organic phosphorus compound. Units (x-ray fluorescence counts) are normalized to incoming radiation. CAS# 1071-23-4 | x-ray fluorescence counts |
| Propylenediphosphonic_Acid | Name of organic phosphorus compound. Units (x-ray fluorescence counts) are normalized to incoming radiation. CAS# 4671-82-3 | x-ray fluorescence counts |
| Phosphotidylcholine | Name of organic phosphorus compound. Units (x-ray fluorescence counts) are normalized to incoming radiation. CAS# 97281-47-5 | x-ray fluorescence counts |
| Phytic_Acid | Name of organic phosphorus compound. Units (x-ray fluorescence counts) are normalized to incoming radiation. CAS# 83-86-3 | x-ray fluorescence counts |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | X-ray fluorescence microscope |
| Generic Instrument Name | Fluorescence Microscope |
| Dataset-specific Description | X-ray fluorescence microscope located at beamline 2-ID-B at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. The beamline is optimized to examine samples over a 1–4 keV energy range using a focused X-ray beam with a spot size of approximately 60 nanometers squared . The energy was calibrated using a NIST standard reference material SRM2910 calcium hydroxyapatite. The whiteline energy of the standard was set to 2153 eV. |
| Generic Instrument Description | Instruments that generate enlarged images of samples using the phenomena of fluorescence and phosphorescence instead of, or in addition to, reflection and absorption of visible light. Includes conventional and inverted instruments. |
NSF Award Abstract:
Primary nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, are critical for all life on earth, and limited quantities in the marine environment can inhibit primary productivity. Atmospheric aerosols are a significant source of these nutrients to nutrient-poor ocean regions, such as the phosphorus-limited Mediterranean Sea. The availability of phosphorus in aerosols has traditionally been linked to the composition and abundance of different phosphorus phases present. Unfortunately, investigating phosphorus composition in aerosols has been challenging due to methodological limitations until recently. In this study, researchers from Georgia Tech will use a new technique known as synchrotron-based P Near Edge X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy, in conjunction with X-ray fluorescence microscopy, to examine the diversity of aerosol phosphorus phases delivered to the Mediterranean Sea. By defining the relationship between air mass source region, aerosol composition, and bioavailability, results from this work will improve current knowledge of the factors regulating productivity in the Mediterranean Sea and help to clarify the potential response of this region to different climate change scenarios.
Broader Impacts: In addition to the valuable insights this project will provide on the controls on productivity and nutrient cycling in the Mediterranean Sea, this study will further education of young scientists, broaden participation of under-represented groups in ocean science, and enhance research infrastructure.
| Funding Source | Award |
|---|---|
| NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) |