| Contributors | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Yager, Patricia L. | University of Georgia (UGA) | Principal Investigator |
| Sherrell, Robert M. | Rutgers University | Co-Principal Investigator |
| Oliver, Hilde | University of Georgia (UGA) | Contact |
| Biddle, Mathew | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO) | BCO-DMO Data Manager |
Hydrographic profiles and discrete water samples were collected from each station using a conventional shipboard conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD; Sea-Bird 911+) sensor and a 24 × 10 L Niskin bottle rosette sampler (General Oceanics). Potential temperature (θ) and salinity (S) were recorded continuously as a function of depth and at the moment of Niskin bottle closure (see Yager et al., 2016).
Trace-metal samples were collected similarly using a trace-metal-clean CTD-rosette system (see Sherrell et al., 2015) that was deployed at the same location just before or after the conventional CTD.
Dissolved inorganic nutrient samples were pre-filtered through 0.45-μm polycarbonate syringe filters, kept refrigerated, and analyzed onboard the ship within 1 day of sampling. Nitrate (NO3−), nitrite (NO2−), am- monium (NH4+), phosphate (HPO42−), and silicic acid (Si(OH)4) were measured using a five-channel Lachat Instruments QuikChem FIA+ 8000s series autoanalyzer in conjunction with a Lachat Instruments XYZ AutoSampler (ASX-500 Series), two Lachat Instruments RP-100 Series peristaltic Reagent Pumps, and Omnion Software, version 3.0.220.02.
Seawater samples were analyzed for dissolved Fe over the period of January to August 2012, using an automated flow injection ICP-MS method developed at Rutgers University (Lagerström et al., 2013). Briefly, the automated device loaded a 9 mL aliquot of seawater, buffered online to pH 7.0 with 3 mL of acetic acid/ammonium hydroxide buffer, onto a column packed with Nobias PA1 chelating resin (Hitachi High-Technologies). The column was eluted with 1.5 M nitric acid directly into the nebulizer of an Element-1 sector field ICP-MS (Thermo-Finnigan, Bremen, Germany). The eluate, a 200-fold concentrate of the sample, was analyzed in medium resolution and temporal peak integration was performed in Matlab using a script written in-house. Quantification was carried out using isotope dilution (Fe, Ni, Cu and Zn) or a matrix-matched external standard curve (Mn).
Samples for particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PN) were collected by cleanly filtering 100–600 mL of seawater onto a 25-mm diameter, combusted GF/F filter (nominal pore size of 0.7 μm) which was then folded sample side in and frozen at −80°C. Samples were processed at Rutgers University and analyzed using a Carlo-Erba CHN analyzer (Hedges and Stern, 1984).
Water column Chl a concentration (used as a proxy for algal biomass) was measured onboard ship using acetone extraction and a spectrofluorometer (Alderkamp et al., 2015). Shipboard values were calibrated against a second set of samples collected similarly, flash-frozen in liquid N2, stored at −80°C, and analyzed at Mote Marine Lab using HPLC (Wright et al., 1991; see Alderkamp et al., 2015).
BCO-DMO Processing Notes:
- combined data files on columns LocalDate, Station, and Depth
- appended latitude and longitude coordinates for each station
- sorted data by LocalDate, Station, Depth
- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date
| File |
|---|
combined.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 12.21 KB) MD5:bab82fc18adae4a0ff01a06b10aab864 Primary data file for dataset ID 765081 |
| Parameter | Description | Units |
| Station | ASPIRE station identifier | unitless |
| LocalDate | Date of ASPIRE sampling in yyyy-mm-dd format | unitless |
| Depth | Depth of sampling | meters (m) |
| Chla | Chlorophyll a concentration | miligram per meter cubed (mg m-3) |
| DissFe | Particulate organic nitrogen. | milimole per meter cubed (mmol m-3) |
| TotalDIN | Total dissolved inorganic nitrogen | milimole per meter cubed (mmol m-3) |
| PON | Particulate organic nitrogen. | mmol m-3 |
| lons | longitude with east values positive | decimal degrees |
| lats | latitude with north values positive | decimal degrees |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Carlo-Erba CHN analyzer |
| Generic Instrument Name | CHN Elemental Analyzer |
| Dataset-specific Description | Samples were processed at Rutgers University and analyzed using a Carlo-Erba CHN analyzer (Hedges and Stern, 1984). |
| Generic Instrument Description | A CHN Elemental Analyzer is used for the determination of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen content in organic and other types of materials, including solids, liquids, volatile, and viscous samples. |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Sea-Bird 911+ |
| Generic Instrument Name | CTD Sea-Bird SBE 911plus |
| Dataset-specific Description | Hydrographic profiles and discrete water samples were collected from each station using a conventional shipboard conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD; Sea-Bird 911+) sensor. |
| Generic Instrument Description | The Sea-Bird SBE 911 plus is a type of CTD instrument package for continuous measurement of conductivity, temperature and pressure. The SBE 911 plus includes the SBE 9plus Underwater Unit and the SBE 11plus Deck Unit (for real-time readout using conductive wire) for deployment from a vessel. The combination of the SBE 9 plus and SBE 11 plus is called a SBE 911 plus. The SBE 9 plus uses Sea-Bird's standard modular temperature and conductivity sensors (SBE 3 plus and SBE 4). The SBE 9 plus CTD can be configured with up to eight auxiliary sensors to measure other parameters including dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, fluorescence, light (PAR), light transmission, etc.). more information from Sea-Bird Electronics |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Niskin bottle |
| Generic Instrument Name | Niskin bottle |
| Dataset-specific Description | 24 × 10 L Niskin bottle rosette sampler (General Oceanics) |
| Generic Instrument Description | A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc. |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Lachat Instruments QuikChem FIA+ 8000s series autoanalyzer |
| Generic Instrument Name | Nutrient Autoanalyzer |
| Dataset-specific Description | Nitrate (NO3−), nitrite (NO2−), am- monium (NH4+), phosphate (HPO42−), and silicic acid (Si(OH)4) were measured using a five-channel Lachat Instruments QuikChem FIA+ 8000s series autoanalyzer in conjunction with a Lachat Instruments XYZ AutoSampler (ASX-500 Series) |
| Generic Instrument Description | Nutrient Autoanalyzer is a generic term used when specific type, make and model were not specified. In general, a Nutrient Autoanalyzer is an automated flow-thru system for doing nutrient analysis (nitrate, ammonium, orthophosphate, and silicate) on seawater samples. |
| Website | |
| Platform | RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer |
| Start Date | 2010-11-26 |
| End Date | 2011-01-16 |
| Description | Expedition by the USAP RV Nathaniel B. Palmer during austral summer 2010-11 to sampled the Amundsen Sea Polynya during the Amundsen Sea Polynya International Research Expedition (ASPIRE). Also identified as OSO 2010-11 (Oden Southern Ocean – two vessel operation 2010-11)
The US Research Icebreaker Nathaniel B. Palmer was joined by the Swedish Icebreaker Oden for a two-vessel expedition to the Amundsen Sea. Scientists on the Palmer focused on understanding the climate-sensitive dynamics of the open water region, known as a "polynya." Oden scientists investigated the sea ice ecosystem nearby. The aim of both groups was to improve our understanding of how climate change will impact this important ecosystem.
Note R2R Link takes user to Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS):
NBP1005
NBP1005A
Data at MGDS were available as NBP1005 and NBP1005A. The data are from the same expedition and are combined in BCO-DMO into the one deployment - NBP1005.
Nathaniel B. Palmer Systems and Specifications |
The Amundsen Sea, in the remote Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean, is one of the least well studied Antarctic continental shelf regions. It shares characteristics in common with other Antarctic ice shelf regions, but exhibits unique aspects also. The Amundsen Sea Polynya (ASP), an open region at the base of several of the terminal glaciers draining the West Antarctic Ice sheet exhibits: 1) large intrusions of heat delivered from the warming modified circumpolar deep water (mCDW) rising up onto the continental shelf, 2) the fastest melting ice sheets in Antarctica, 3) the most productive coastal polynya (161 g C m-2) together with a significant atmospheric CO2 sink, and 4) some of the most rapidly declining regions of seasonal off-shore sea ice on Earth.
Following on from an earlier oceanographic field program, the Amundsen Sea Polynya International Research Expedition (ASPIRE; 2011), this study seeks to better synthesize and model the relative contributions of both physical ocean-ice linkages and biological production and carbon export terms and to compare these with other circumpolar Antarctic regions. A central feature will be the use of a regionally coupled physical-biogeochemical model to follow the dynamics of the large phytoplankton blooms that occur annually in the Amundsen Sea Polyna. This study will provides a means to locate the Amundsen Sea properties along the continuum of Antarctic ice shelf systems, and to understand how these system might change in response to climate change.
Pedagogical techniques will be used to provide educational outreach for three distinct target populations: secondary students, pre-service science teachers, and in-service science teachers. Partnerships will be developed with science teacher educators to implement the STEM career-development lessons in undergraduate and graduate level science teacher education courses.