Dataset: GN01 Arctic GEOTRACES Bottle Particles

Name: Trace element concentrations (labile and total measurements) in particles collected with GO-Flo bottles and analyzed with ICP-MS from the US GEOTRACES Arctic cruise (HLY1502; GN01) from August to October 2015
Published: 2019-07-02
Keywords: oceans

Cite This Dataset

DOI:10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.771474.2

Spatial Extent: N:90 E:180 S:60 W:-180

Temporal Extent: 2015-08-12 - 2015-10-08

Project:

GEOTRACES Arctic Section: Collaborative Research: Biogeochemical cycling of particulate trace elements in the western Arctic basin (Arctic GEOTRACES bottle particles)

U.S. Arctic GEOTRACES Study (GN01) (U.S. GEOTRACES Arctic)

Program:

U.S. GEOTRACES (U.S. GEOTRACES)

Principal Investigator:

Benjamin Twining (Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences)

Co-Principal Investigator:

Peter L. Morton (Florida State University - National High Magnetic Field Lab, FSU - NHMFL)

Vincent J. Salters (Florida State University - National High Magnetic Field Lab, FSU - NHMFL)

BCO-DMO Data Manager:

Shannon Rauch (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Version:

Version Date:

2019-07-02

Restricted:

Validated:

Yes

Current State:

Final no updates expected

Trace element concentrations (labile and total measurements) in particles collected with GO-Flo bottles and analyzed with ICP-MS from the US GEOTRACES Arctic cruise (HLY1502; GN01) from August to October 2015

Abstract:

Trace element concentrations in particles collected with GO-Flo bottles and analyzed with ICP-MS. Concentrations of labile and total metal fractions are reported. Samples were collected during the U.S. Arctic GEOTRACES cruise aboard USCGC Healy (GN01; HLY1502) from August to October 2015.

Expand/Collapse All

Archival Copy

Version Date	Archive	Persistent Identifier (PID)	Date PID Issued
2019-07-02	Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)	10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.771474.2	2019-07-03

Description

Methods & Sampling

Supor PES filters (25 mm or 47 mm diameters, 0.45 µm pore size) were acid-washed in 10% HCl and soaked repeatedly in fresh baths of ultrahigh purity (UHP) water, until the pH of the resulting rinse water was circumneutral. Particulate samples were collected directly from the GO-Flo sampling bottles (pressurized (<8 psi) with filtered air), drawing ~7 L of seawater over the filters loaded into Swinnex or Advantec cartridges, and stored frozen in new polystyrene petri dishes.

Before processing and analysis, filters were divided into halves: one half for Total digestion (total element concentrations) and one half for Labile digestion (using the Berger et al. (2008) method). Digest solutions (Total and Labile) included a 10 ppb In spike to correct for instrumental drift.

Total digestion: Filters were digested in 15-mL PFA digestion vials (Savillex), extensively cleaned using HNO₃, HCl, and trace HF acids (trace metal grade or better). Digestions were performed on enclosed Teflon-coated hotplates ("flowboxes") under double HEPA filtered air (effectively Class-1), inside a Class-1000 clean room. The total digestion procedure involved a two-step digestion, modified from Ohnemus et al. (2014). During the first digestion step, filter halves were submerged in 4 mL of a mixture of 4 M each of HNO₃, HCl, and HF acids (all Optima or double-distilled). Samples were capped and heated for 3 hours at 100-120°C in the flowbox. Each digest solution was then carefully decanted into a second PFA vial, the original vial and filter rinsed twice with 1.5 mL of ultrahigh purity (UHP) water, and the UHP water rinses transferred to the second vial while retaining the filter in the original vial. The digest solution in the second vial was then taken to dryness (uncapped) in the flowbox, by heating overnight at 100-120°C. During the second digestion step, 20 µL of concentrated H₂SO₄(Optima), 20 µL of H₂O₂ (Optima), and 2 mL of 8 M HNO₃ Optima or double-distilled) were added to the digest residue to breakdown any PES filter fragments, and the vials heated (capped) at 150°C for 30 minutes. The vials were uncapped and taken to dryness at 210-230°C. The final digest residue was redissolved in 4 mL of 0.32 M HNO₃(Optima or double-distilled) and stored in acid-washed 5 mL cryovials until analysis.

Labile digestion: Filters were digested in rigorously cleaned 22-mL PFA digestions vials (Savillex). All digestion steps were performed in a Class-100 clean room using standard clean techniques. Filters were digested in a solution of 25% Optima-grade acetic acid and 0.02 M hydroxylamine hydrochloride following the protocol of Berger et al. (2008). One milliliter of this solution was added to the filter stored in a 1.7-mL polypropylene vial. The solution was heated to 95°C in a water bath for 10 minutes and then allowed to cool to room temperature. The filter was in contact with the acetic acid leach for a total of two hours. The filter was removed to an acid-cleaned PFA bomb and the acetic acid/hydroxylamine leachate was centrifuged at 14,000 rpm for 10 minutes to sediment all particles. Without disturbing particles on the bottom of the tube, approximately 0.8 mL of leachate was transferred into a 7-mL PFA digestion vial. Optima-grade HNO₃ was added (100 µL) to the 7-mL digestion vial, which was then heated uncapped at 110ºC to near dryness. Vial contents were redissolved with 2% HNO₃ (Optima grade).

Process blanks and reference materials were digested alongside samples for both chemical treatments. All samples were analyzed at NHMFL/FSU by HR-ICP-MS in both Low and Medium Resolution modes. Concentrations were quantified by multi-element external calibration (seven standards, up to 500 ppb), and drift corrected using a 10 ppb In spike added to each sample.

Data Processing Description

Quality Flags:
Particulate data are flagged with the following:
1: Good data, passed QC;
2: Probably good, but no QC;
3: Questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total;
4: Bad;
6: Below detection limit;
9: Missing.

BTLNBR are flagged with the following:
0: Not sure how to QF this comment;
1: Bottle information unavailable;
2: No problems noted;
3: Leaking;
4: Did not trip correctly;
5: Not reported;
6: Significant discrepancy in measured values between Gerard and Niskin bottles;
7: Unknown problem;
8: Pair did not trip correctly. Note that the Niskin bottle can trip at an unplanned depth while the Gerard trips correctly and vice versa;
9: Samples not drawn from this bottle.

QC: Refer to the GN01 Bottle Particles CRM and blanks Supplement File: "GTArc_metadata_CRM_and_blanks_FINAL.xlsx"

Note: Portions of these data were published in Marsay et al. (2018), Tables 3 and 6, Figure 7.

BCO-DMO Processing:
- modified parameter names (replaced spaces with underscores; labeled flag columns as such; renamed "sample number" to "GEOTRC_SAMPNO");
- filled blank cells (missing data) with "nd"; replaced "NA" with "nd".
- 02-July-2019: replaced version 1 of data with version 2 (GEOTRACES parameter names & units applied; additional metadata columns added)

Data Files

File
bottle_particulates_v2.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 129.14 KB) MD5:e6c667775946568b1789d88332c49b16 Primary data file for dataset ID 771474

Supplemental Files

File
GN01 Bottle Particles CRM and blanks filename: GTArc_metadata_CRM_and_blanks_FINAL.xlsx (Microsoft Excel, 21.36 KB) MD5:d58d5f88bca3073bf4c1dfb1f791089d Certified reference materials (CRMs), blanks, and detection limits associated with the dataset "Arctic GEOTRACES GN01 Bottle Particles" (PIs: Twining, Morton, & Salters)

More Information about this dataset

Funding Sources

Funding Source	Award Number
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-1435862
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-1436019

Deployments

Deployment	Synonyms	Start Date	Platform	Investigator
HLY1502	GN01 U.S. GEOTRACES Arctic 32H120150809	2015-08-09	USCGC Healy	David C. Kadko (Chief Scientist) William M. Landing (Co-Chief Scientist)	data info

Instruments

GO-FLO Bottle

Supplied Name:

Supplied Description:

Particulate samples were collected directly from the GO-Flo sampling bottles.

Instrument Type

Generic Name: GO-FLO Bottle

Acronym: GO-FLO

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/30/

Generic Description:

GO-FLO bottle cast used to collect water samples for pigment, nutrient, plankton, etc. The GO-FLO sampling bottle is specially designed to avoid sample contamination at the surface, internal spring contamination, loss of sample on deck (internal seals), and exchange of water from different depths.

Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer

Supplied Name: Thermo ELEMENT 2 HR-ICP-MS

Supplied Description:

Thermo ELEMENT 2 HR-ICP-MS: Scott-type Teflon spray chamber (Savillex), 100 µL/min PFA-ST nebulizer (Elemental Scientific Inc.), Quartz torch and injector (Thermo), Ni-coated Cu cones (Thermo); Geochemistry, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer

Acronym: ICP Mass Spec

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB15/

Generic Description:

An ICP Mass Spec is an instrument that passes nebulized samples into an inductively-coupled gas plasma (8-10000 K) where they are atomized and ionized. Ions of specific mass-to-charge ratios are quantified in a quadrupole mass spectrometer.

Parameters

Date and time formats are described in python strftime() syntax.

Supplied Name	Supplied description	Supplied Units	Standard Name
cruise_id	Cruise ID number	unitless	cruise_id
EXPOCODE	Cruise EXPO code	unitless	cruise_id
SECT_ID	GEOTRACES section ID	unitless	cruise_id
STNNBR	GEOTRACES station number	unitless	station
CASTNO	Cast number	unitless	cast
GEOTRC_EVENTNO	GEOTRACES event number	unitless	event
DATE	Date; format: yyyymmdd	unitless	date
TIME	Time; format: hhmm	unitless	time
ISO_DateTime_UTC	Date and time formatted to ISO8601 standard: yyyy-mm-ddTHH:MM:SS.ssZ	yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SS'Z'	ISO_DateTime_UTC
LATITUDE	Latitude	degrees North	lat
LONGITUDE	Longitude	degrees East	lon
SAMPNO	Sequential sample number within a cast	unitless	sample
BTLNBR	Bottle number	unitless	bottle
BTL_FLAG_ODU	Bottle quality flag (see metadata for flag definitions)	unitless	q_flag
CTDPRS	CTD pressure	decibars	press
CTDDEPTH	CTD depth	meters	depth
Station	Station number	unitless	station
GEOTRC_SAMPNO	GEOTRACES sample number	unitless	sample
Mo_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate molybdenum	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Mo_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Cd_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate cadmium	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Cd_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Ba_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate barium	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Ba_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Al_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate aluminum	nmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Al_TPQ_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
P_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate phosphorus	nmol/kg	trace_element_conc
P_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_element_conc
Ti_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate titanium	nmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Ti_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
V_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate vanadium	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
V_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Mn_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate manganese	nmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Mn_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Fe_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate iron	nmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Fe_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Co_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate cobalt	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Co_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Ni_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate nickel	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Ni_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Cu_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate copper	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Cu_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Zn_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate zinc	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Zn_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
La_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate lanthanum	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
La_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Ce_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate cerium	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Ce_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Pr_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate praseodymium	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Pr_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Pb_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate lead	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Pb_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Th_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate thorium	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Th_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Cr_TP_CONC_BOTTLE	Total particulate chromium	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Cr_TP_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Mo_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE	Labile particulate molybdenum	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Mo_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Cd_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE	Labile particulate cadmium	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Cd_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Ba_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE	Labile particulate barium	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Ba_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Al_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE	Labile particulate aluminum	nmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Al_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
P_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE	Labile particulate phosphorus	nmol/kg	trace_element_conc
P_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_element_conc
Ti_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE	Labile particulate titanium	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Ti_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
V_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE	Labile particulate vanadium	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
V_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Mn_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE	Labile particulate manganese	nmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Mn_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Fe_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE	Labile particulate iron	nmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Fe_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Co_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE	Labile particulate cobalt	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Co_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Ni_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE	Labile particulate nickel	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Ni_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Cu_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE	Labile particulate copper	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Cu_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc
Zn_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE	Labile particulate zinc	pmol/kg	trace_metal_conc
Zn_TPL_CONC_BOTTLE_FLAG	Particulate quality flag: 1 = good; 2 = probably good, but no QC; 3 = questionable; value is oceanographically inconsistent based on adjacent depths and/or comparison of leach vs total; 4 = Bad; 5 = Below DL; 9 = Missing value.	unitless	trace_metal_conc