Table of Contents

• Coverage
• Dataset Description
  • Methods & Sampling
  • Data Processing Description
• Data Files
• Related Publications
• Parameters
• Instruments
• Deployments
• Project Information
• Funding

Algal pigment concentrations as measured by HPLC from RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer cruise in the Ross Sea, Southern Ocean from 2017-2018.

Algal HPLC samples were collected by gentile filtration under low vacuum through GF/F filters and frozen at -80C for on-shore analysis. Samples were extracted in acetone and analyzed using an Agilent 1100 HPLC system equipped with autosampler, photodiode array and fluorescence detectors. The gradient elution program utilized was a slight modification of the Zapata et al. method (2000). Complete details of the HPLC method are described elsewhere (DiTullio and Geesey 2002).

High Performance Liquid Chromatograph (HPLC) Agilent 1100 equipped with autosampler, photodiode array and fluorescence detectors

Pigment concentrations were determined using standard peak integration procedures with Agilent’s ChemStation (version B.03.02), and entered into Microsoft Excel Spreadsheets for submission to BCO-DMO. Parameters reported were: chlorophyll c3, chlorophyllide, magnesium-2,4-divinyl phaeoporphyrin a5 monomethyl ester, chlorophyll c2, chlorophyll c1, peridinin, pheophorbide a, 19-prime butanoyloxyfucoxanthin, fucoxanthin, neoxanthin, prasinoxanthin, violaxanthin, 19-prime hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin, diadinoxanthin, cis-fucoxanthin, alloxanthin, diatoxanthin, monadoxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, crocoxanthin, chlorophyll b, divinyl chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a, pheophytin a, carotene-alpha and carotene-beta.

BCO-DMO processing notes:

• Adjusted column names
• Adjusted date format to yyyy-mm-dd for increased interoperability
• Version 2: An updated calibration curve was used to recalculate the chlorophyll a concentrations

NSF abstract:
Phytoplankton blooms in the coastal waters of the Ross Sea, Antarctica are typically dominated by either diatoms or Phaeocystis Antarctica (a flagellated algae that often can form large colonies in a gelatinous matrix). The project seeks to determine if an association of bacterial populations with Phaeocystis antarctica colonies can directly supply Phaeocystis with Vitamin B12, which can be an important co-limiting micronutrient in the Ross Sea. The supply of an essential vitamin coupled with the ability to grow at lower iron concentrations may put Phaeocystis at a competitive advantage over diatoms. Because Phaeocystis cells can fix more carbon than diatoms and Phaeocystis are not grazed as efficiently as diatoms, the project will help in refining understanding of carbon dynamics in the region as well as the basis of the food web webs. Such understanding also has the potential to help refine predictive ecological models for the region. The project will conduct public outreach activities and will contribute to undergraduate and graduate research. Engagement of underrepresented students will occur during summer student internships. A collaboration with Italian Antarctic researchers, who have been studying the Terra Nova Bay ecosystem since the 1980s, aims to enhance the project and promote international scientific collaborations.

The study will test whether a mutualistic symbioses between attached bacteria and Phaeocystis provides colonial cells a mechanism for alleviating chronic Vitamin B12 co-limitation effects thereby conferring them with a competitive advantage over diatom communities. The use of drifters in a time series study will provide the opportunity to track in both space and time a developing algal bloom in Terra Nova Bay and to determine community structure and the physiological nutrient status of microbial populations. A combination of flow cytometry, proteomics, metatranscriptomics, radioisotopic and stable isotopic labeling experiments will determine carbon and nutrient uptake rates and the role of bacteria in mitigating potential vitamin B12 and iron limitation. Membrane inlet and proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry will also be used to estimate net community production and release of volatile organic carbon compounds that are climatically active. Understanding how environmental parameters can influence microbial community dynamics in Antarctic coastal waters will advance an understanding of how changes in ocean stratification and chemistry could impact the biogeochemistry and food web dynamics of Southern Ocean ecosystems.