Dataset: Doliolid Distribution Synthesis

Name: Synthesis of doliolid imagery and oceanographic data from six ecosystems collected from multiple research cruises conducted between 2010 and 2019
Published: 2023-02-07
Keywords: oceans

Cite This Dataset

DOI:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.885637.1

Spatial Extent: N:44.6521 E:7.793519 S:24.9423 W:-125.1078

Temporal Extent: 2010 - 2019

Project:

The significance of doliolid-microbial interactions: Do doliolids fundamentally alter the trophic structure and productivity of sub-tropical continental shelf food webs? (DolMICROBE)

Principal Investigator:

Adam T. Greer (Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, SkIO)

Co-Principal Investigator:

Marc E. Frischer (Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, SkIO)

BCO-DMO Data Manager:

Shannon Rauch (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Version:

Version Date:

2023-02-07

Restricted:

Validated:

Yes

Current State:

Final no updates expected

Synthesis of doliolid imagery and oceanographic data from six ecosystems collected from multiple research cruises conducted between 2010 and 2019

Abstract:

Doliolids are common gelatinous grazers in marine ecosystems around the world. Aggregations or blooms of these organisms occur frequently, but they are difficult to measure or predict and ecological studies typically target a single region or site that does not encompass the range of possible habitats favoring doliolid proliferation. To address these limitations, we combined in situ imaging data from six coastal ecosystems, including the Oregon shelf, northern California, southern California Bight, northern Gulf of Mexico, Straits of Florida, and Mediterranean Sea, to resolve and compare doliolid habitat associations during warm months when environmental gradients are strong and doliolid blooms are frequently documented. The data analyzed were from multiple research cruises conducted between 2010 and 2019.

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Archival Copy

Version Date	Archive	Persistent Identifier (PID)	Date PID Issued
2023-02-07	Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)	10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.885637.1	2023-05-02

Description

This dataset is a synthesis of doliolid imagery and oceanographic data from six ecosystems collected from multiple research cruises conducted between 2010 and 2019. The data are organized into the following folders/files:

1.DoliolidAbundances-All – This folder contains the calculated concentrations and average oceanographic variables in each bin from both automated (using computer vision) and manually verified data.

2. DoliolidEnvironment-Automated – This folder contains the raw data from the different ecosystems generated with computer vision algorithms where each row is an individual doliolid and all of the oceanographic parameters associated with it.

3. DoliolidEnvironment-Manual – This folder contains the manually verified doliolid identifications in the Gulf of Mexico and Southern California. Southern California had individual "casts" analyzed, so the times for these chunks of data are also contained in this folder

4. GulfofMexicoDoliolidImages-ManuallyClassified – This folder contains actual images identified to 3 different life stages of doliolids from the northern Gulf of Mexico.

5. GulfPhysicalOceanographicData – This folder contains oceanographic sensor data from the towed imaging system, as well as linearly interpolated data used to make plots of the doliolid distributions in the paper.

6. LiteratureReview-PSEM – This folder contains a compilation of data from two open-access databases used to make some calculations in the published manuscript. The folder also contains the data frame used to run the piecewise structural equation models (PSEM).

7. R-Scripts – This folder contains the R-scripts used to conduct all analyses synthesizing these datasets

8. DolTransectLocations.csv – This file contains the Start and Stop latitudes and longitudes for all of the transects analyzed in the manuscript. This was used to generate the map in the manuscript. BCO-DMO converted this file from Microsoft Excel format to .csv.

The Supplemental File named "File_Descriptions.pdf" contains additional details on each file within each folder.

Methods & Sampling

All methods below are excerpted from Greer et al. (2022). Please refer to the publication for a more complete description of the data collection and analysis methods.

Imaging system and field sampling:
All high-resolution images were collected with a towed In Situ Ichthyoplankton Imaging System (ISIIS, Cowen and Guigand 2008). The ISIIS uses shadowgraph lighting and a line-scan camera (Teledyne DALSA) to image water with a 13 cm field of view over a depth of field of 50 centimeters. The system is towed at a speed of approximately 2.5 meters per second, using motor-controlled wings to undulate between about 1 meter from the surface and a maximum depth of about 120 meters (or 2–4 m from the benthos) in a "tow-yo" pattern. The camera scans approximately 35,000 pixel lines per second, producing a continuous strip of imaged ocean water that is parsed by acquisition software into 2048 px by 2048 px images (~17 Hz). The instrument is equipped with various oceanographic sensors, including conductivity, temperature, depth (SBE 49, Seabird Electronics), chlorophyll-a fluorescence (ECO FL-RT), and dissolved oxygen (SBE 43) to measure oceanographic conditions associated with each image. Transects were conducted in six different ecosystems (the Oregon shelf, northern California, southern California Bight, northern Gulf of Mexico, Straits of Florida, and Mediterranean Sea) and used similar towing methods (refer to Figure 1 of Greer et al., 2022)

To compare data among sampling sites, abundances and associated oceanographic data were summed or averaged over a consistent volume sampled. For organism counts, both stage-specific and total doliolids were summed across 7-second bins, which corresponded to approximately 1 cubic meter of imaged water. The oceanographic variables were also averaged over this volume. We were interested in doliolids and their different life stages: nurses, phorozooids, and gonozooids, all of which are relatively easy to distinguish.

To evaluate the spatial changes in the accuracy of the automatically generated abundances for these three life stages, we leveraged a human-annotated dataset from the northern Gulf of Mexico. This matched the life stages classified in the automated datasets for a more robust comparison. These manual identifications were binned using the same procedure as the automated data.

Mean carbon biomass:
We computed the mean carbon biomass of doliolids within the shallowest 100 m for all sites. Doliolid carbon biomass in cubic meters was then calculated using the average concentration of individuals in the upper 100 meters in each sampling region multiplied by the average individual weight.

Statistical analyses and modeling
Data binning, summary statistics, and visualizations were performed in R (R Core Team 2019, v.3.6.1), with extensive use of the packages ggplot2, reshape2, and plyr (Wickham 2016). Patchiness or degree of aggregation was quantified using the Lloyd index of patchiness (Bez 2000).

Data Processing Description

Data Processing:
Doliolids were enumerated manually in the images, or they were identified automatically using different versions of a convolutional neural network. All data were analyzed and processed in R (v.3.6.1) using a variety of packages detailed in the accompanying code.

BCO-DMO Processing:
- BCO-DMO converted "DolTransectLocations.xlsx" to .csv format and changed the stop longitude values for San Diego to be negative.

Data Files

File
DoliolidAbundances-All.zip (ZIP Archive (ZIP), 1.43 MB) MD5:ba60e1a49b9cf4e3f131ede3accadf1e This folder contains the calculated concentrations and average oceanographic variables in each bin from both automated (using computer vision) and manually verified data. File names and descriptions: CA2018-dolconc.csv = Northern California in summer 2018. CA2019-dolconc.csv = Northern California in summer 2019. Fl2014-dolconc.csv = Straits of Florida in summer 2014. Fl2015-dolconc.csv = Straits of Florida in summer 2015. GOM-ECORR2016-dolconc.csv = Northern Gulf of Mexico Eastern corridor, south of Perdido Bay, FL in 2016. GOM-MCORR2016-dolconc.csv = Northern Gulf of Mexico Middle corridor, south of Mobile Bay, AL in 2016. med_dols_summary_1mbin.csv = Mediterranean Sea in July 2013 – abundances are binned to 1 meter cubed. OR2018-dolconc.csv = Oregon coast in summer 2018. OR2019-dolconc.csv = Oregon coast in summer 2019. SD2010-dolconc.csv = Offshore of San Diego in October 2010. Column names, descriptions, and units: rjul = rounded julian time; units = percentage of a day. sdol = solo doliolid abundance - gonozooid life stage; units = individuals per cubic meter; (can also be labeled "Gonozooid"). buds = doliolids with buds abundance - phorozooid life stage; units = individuals per cubic meter; (can also be labeled "Phorozooid"). nurse = doliolid nurse abundance - nurse life stage; units = individuals per cubic meter; (can also be labeled "Nurse"). dolconc = total doliolid concentration including all life stages; units = individuals per cubic meter; (can also be labeled as "totdol"). mdepth = mean depth for bin where concentration was calculated; units = meters. msal = mean salinity for bin where concentration was calculated; units = practical salinity units. mtemp =mean temperature for bin where concentration was calculated; units = degrees Celsius. mfluor =mean chlorophyll-a fluorescence for bin where concentration was calculated; units = voltage (relative measure). moxy = mean dissolved oxygen for bin where concentration was calculated; units = milligrams per Liter. mirr = mean irradiance (PAR) for bin where concentration was calculated; units = microEinsteins per meter squared. mlat = mean latitude for bin where concentration was calculated; units = degrees. mlon = mean longitude for bin where concentration was calculated; units = degrees.
DoliolidEnvironment-Automated.zip (ZIP Archive (ZIP), 45.69 MB) MD5:824fd92da94ffa2471c39f5fb16778e1 This folder contains the raw data from the different ecosystems generated with computer vision algorithms where each row is an individual doliolid and all of the oceanographic parameters associated with it. File names and descriptions: File "env_visufront_cc.csv" contains some different data columns that were used in analysis. The following files contain the automated identification of objects (i.e., segments) detected in the images, as predicted by a convolutional neural network (CNN). The columns contain a file name for the segment and what the algorithm predicted was its identification. All are predicted to be doliolids of different life stages. Additional data columns are not important or used in the analysis because these segments were merged to the sensor data from the vehicle using the time stamp of the segments in the file name (see processing code in R): 205_doliolids_reduced.Rdata 213_doliolids_reduced.Rdata 401_doliolids_reduced.Rdata 425_doliolids_reduced.Rdata all_joined_3W_doliolid_unbinned_90FTclass.Rdata all_joined_10W-7W_doliolid_unbinned_90FTclass.Rdata dols_ORCA_Mo.Rdata PTS03_085_T029_MCORR_ft_ess_tunicate_doliolid.csv PTS03_085_T029_MCORR_ft_ess_tunicate_doliolid_juvenile_buds.csv PTS03_085_T029_MCORR_ft_ess_tunicate_doliolid_nurse.csv Column names, descriptions, and units for file "env_visufront_cc.csv": transect = transect label. In this case, all transects were cross-current (cc). yo = the sequential number of profiles or tow-yos through the water column. yo_type = describes whether the vehicle was going up or down. datetime = full date and time when data were collected; in ISO8601 format (YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssZ); Z indicates UTC. dist = distance along the transect; units = kilometers (km). lon = longitude; units = degrees East. lat = latitude; units = degrees North. press = pressure; units = decibars (dbar). depth = depth; units = meters (m). temp = temperature; units = degrees Celsius. sal = salinity; units = practical salinity units. fluo = chlorophyll-a fluorescence; units = voltage (relative measure). oxy = dissolved oxygen; relative units. irrad = irradiance; units = micro Einsteins per cm squared. dens = density calculated from temperature and salinity; units = kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m^3-1000). hor_vel = horizontal velocity; units = millimeters per second (mm/s). vert_vel = vertical velocity; units = millimeters per second (mm/s). pitch = pitch of the vehicle (negative is pointing down, positive is upward); units = degrees. roll = roll of the vehicle to the left or right; units = degrees. heading = heading of the vehicle (0 is north, 180 is south); units = degrees. datetime_utc = full date and time in ISO8601 format (YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssZ); Z indicates UTC. period = categorical variable describing the time of day. Column names, descriptions, and units for files starting with "PTS03": LATITUDE_DEG = latitude in decimal degrees; units = degrees North. LONGITUDE_DEG = longitude in decimal degrees; units = degrees East. DEPTH_M = depth; units = meters. TEMPERATURE_DEG_C = temperature; units = degrees Celsius. SALINITY = salinity; units = practical salinity units. FLUORESCENCE_VOLTS = fluorescence; units = volts. PAR_uE_PER_M2 = irradiance (PAR); units = microEinsteins per meter squared (uE/m^2). O2_mg_PER_L = Oxygen; units = milligrams per liter (mg/L).
DoliolidEnvironment-Manual.zip (ZIP Archive (ZIP), 2.07 MB) MD5:f3f43db97bf0cf5468028e90521ce441 This folder contains the manually verified doliolid identifications in the Gulf of Mexico and Southern California. Southern California had individual “casts” analyzed, so the times for these chunks of data are also contained in this folder. In these files, each row is an individual animal, and the associated data are similar to full descriptions of the oceanographic data collected. File names and descriptions: 726dolenv3cats.csv = doliolids manually classified into 3 life stages from July 26, 2016. This is for the eastern corridor (ECORR) in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Each row is an individual. dateTime_ranges_transect_2_3.csv = contains the start and stop times for each profile in the San Diego dataset. This is required to accurately measure the volume sampled. Two transects were analyzed (transects 2 and 3). Each profile has a sequential cast number, with a start and stop time in hours:minutes:second and Julian time. doliolids_transects2_3_presence_only.csv = contains the counts of pelagic tunicates (i.e., doliolids) in the images, along with the corresponding oceanographic data. Column names are similar to other datasets. Count is the number per full image frame that was converted to an abundance per unit volume in the R code. Taxon and group are simply different levels of classification. In this study, we were interested in the doliolid taxon. ManualDolAbundance.csv = doliolids abundances from July 26 in one cubic meter bins. The columns correspond to the abundance of the different life stages in that particular bin, along wit the average environmental parameters associated with that bin. Rjul = rounded Julian time for the bin, msal = mean salinity for that bin. The rest column names follow the same pattern of being the mean “m” for the bin. Totdol = the sum of the abundances of the 3 life stages. Column names, descriptions, and units: File "726dolenv3cats.csv": nearjul = nearest julian time corresponding to the oceanographic data; units = percentage of a day. julian = julian time calculated from the image time stamp of individual organisms; units = percentage of a day. ID = identification of the image region of interest (ROI) - category. Junk = A column with the word Plankton in the file name of ROI. label = file name with the date and timestamp of the first frame in the stack YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.SSS.tif. slice = The frame number in the stack of images - will be 1-430. xloc = The x coordinate of the top left of the bounding box for the ROI; will be between 0 and 2047 (the size of the image); units = pixels. yloc = The y coordinate of the top left of the bounding box for the ROI; will be between 0 and 2047 (the size of the image); units = pixels. width = the width of the ROI (bounding box); units = pixels. height = the height of the ROI (bounding box); units = pixels. ID2 = more specific ID to the life stage for the doliolids. utc = timestamp in GMT; format: HHMMSS.SSS. timestamp = UNIX timestamp in seconds from January 1, 1970; units = seconds. alt = distance of the vehicle from the benthos (will be 999.9 if the bottom cannot be detected - see altok); units = meters (m). temp = temperature measurement from the vehicle CTD (SBE49); units = degrees Celsius. depth = depth of the vehicle (SBE49); units = meters (m). fluor = chlorophyll-a fluorescence measurement from the vehicle (ECO FL-RT); units = voltage (relative measurement). fvel = forward velocity of the vehicle (measured by doppler velocity log); units = meters per second (m/s). heading = heading of the vehicle (0 is north, 180 is south); units = degrees. o2 = incorrect measurement of oxygen using the voltage. o2volts = dissolved oxygen measurement; units = dissolved oxygen measurement. (can be used to generate correct oxygen). par = irradiance (PAR) measured from the vehicle; units = microEinsteins per meter squared (uE/m^2). parvolts = voltage from the PAR sensor; units = voltage (relative measurement). pitch = pitch of the vehicle (negative is pointing down, positive is upward); units = degrees. roll = roll of the vehicle to the left or right; units = degrees. salinity = salinity measurement from the vehicle CTD; units = practical salinity units. lat = latitude measured by the ship GPS; units = degrees North. lon = longitude measured by the ship GPS; units = degrees East. vertvel = vertical velocity of the vehicle; units = meters per second (m/s). altok = value of 1 or 0 depending on if the benthos can be detected (1 means the altitude data are good). secs = number of seconds from the start of the day; units = seconds. hdist = horizontal distance calculated using seconds and mean fvel; units = meters (m). File "dateTime_ranges_transect_2_3.csv": transect = the transect name. cast = the cast number for datasets where only the up or down casts were analyzed. begin_dateTime = time at beginning of a cast. end_dateTime = time at end of a cast. begin = time at beginning of a cast in seconds; units = seconds. end = time at end of a cast in seconds; units = seconds. julbeg = time at beginning of a cast in julian; units = percentage of day. julend = time at end of a cast in julian; units = percentage of day. File "doliolids_transects2_3_presence_only.csv": transect = the transect name. cast = the cast number for datasets where only the up or down casts were analyzed. down.up = whether or not the vehicle was going up or down. dateTime = full date and local time; format = YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.sss. taxon = taxonomic classification. count = total number of organisms (doliolids) present within an image; units = number per image. group = taxonomic group. depth = depth of the vehicle (SBE49); units = meters (m). lat = latitude measured by the ship GPS; units = degrees North. long = longitude measured by the ship GPS; units = degrees East. temp = temperature measurement from the vehicle CTD (SBE49); degrees Celsius. salinity = salinity measurement from the vehicle CTD; units = practical salinity units. fluoro = chlorophyll-a fluorescence measurement from the vehicle (ECO FL-RT); units = voltage (relative measurement). heading = heading of the vehicle (0 is north, 180 is south); units = degrees. vertical.vel = vertical velocity of the vehicle; units = meters per second (m/s). pitch = pitch of the vehicle (negative is pointing down, positive is upward); units = degrees. swRho = density of the water, calculated from temp and salinity on CTD; units = kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m^3). File "ManualDolAbundance.csv": rjul = rounded julian time; units = percentage of a day. Gonozooid = solo doliolid abundance - gonozooid life stage; units = individuals per cubic meter. Nurse = doliolid nurse abundance - nurse life stage; units = individuals per cubic meter. Phorozooid = doliolids with buds abundance - phorozooid life stage; units = individuals per cubic meter. mdepth = mean depth for bin where concentration was calculated; units = meters (m). msal = mean salinity for bin where concentration was calculated; units = practical salinity units. mtemp = mean temperature for bin where concentration was calculated; units = degrees Celsius. mfluor = mean chlorophyll-a fluorescence for bin where concentration was calculated; units = voltage (relative measurement). moxy = mean dissolved oxygen for bin where concentration was calculated; units = milligrams per liter (mg/L) mpar = mean PAR for the bin. mlat = mean latitude for the bin. mlon = mean longitude for the bin. totdol = the sum of the abundances of the 3 life stages.
DolTransectLocations.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 1000 bytes) MD5:afd36ea1e5c3143a3c09321eb43523b1 This file contains the Start and Stop latitudes and longitudes for all of the transects analyzed in this study. This was used to generate the map in the manuscript (Greer et al., 2022). Note that all longitudes in the Western hemisphere should be negative. This applies to all data except those collected in the Mediterranean Sea. Column names, descriptions, and units: Location = transect name. Start Lat = start latitude; units = degrees North. Start Lon = start longitude; units = degrees East. Stop Lat = stop latitude; units = degrees North. Stop Lon = stop longitude; units = degrees East.
GulfofMexicoDoliolidImages-ManuallyClassified.zip (ZIP Archive (ZIP), 580.46 MB) MD5:7931bc3ca446d550cbc6f7fac016f375 This folder contains actual images identified to 3 different life stages of doliolids from the northern Gulf of Mexico.
GulfPhysicalOceanographicData.zip (ZIP Archive (ZIP), 16.33 MB) MD5:0a52b48d3a9d923168ace5caed39ece5 This folder contains oceanographic sensor data from the towed imaging system, as well as linearly interpolated data used to make plots of the doliolid distributions in the paper. File names and descriptions: 072516physical.csv = sensor data collected on July 25, 2016 at the middle corridor (MCORR) just south of Mobile Bay, AL. This is the raw sensor data. 072616physical.csv = sensor data collected on July 26, 2016 at the eastern corridor (ECORR) just south of Perdido Bay, FL. This is the raw sensor data. These sensor datasets were interpolated across the entire transect for temperature and salinity: 725salinityinterp.csv 725tempinterp.csv 726salinityinterp.csv 726tempinterp.csv Column names, descriptions, and units: Physical data (072516physical.csv, 072616physical.csv): julian = Julian time; units = percentage of a day. utc = timestamp in UTC; format: HHMMSS.SSS. UNIX_timestamp = UNIX timestamp in seconds from January 1, 1970; units = seconds. ALTITUDE_M = distance of the vehicle from the benthos (will be 999.9 if the bottom cannot be detected - see altok); units = meters (m). CTD_TEMPERATURE_DEG_C = water temperature; units = degrees Celsius. DEPTH_M = depth; units = meters (m). FLOR = fluorescence intensity; units = volts. FORWARD_VELOCITY_M_PER_S = forward velocity of the vehicle; units = meters per second (m/s). HEADING_DEG = heading of the vehicle (0 is north, 180 is south); units = degrees. O2_MG_PER_L = erroneous calculation of oxygen (correct calculation in the R code). O2_VDC = voltage from the oxygen sensor. PAR_UE_PER_M2 = PAR; units = micro Einsteins per cm squared. PAR_VDC = voltage from the PAR sensor. PITCH_DEG = pitch of the vehicle (negative is pointing down, positive is upward); units = degrees. ROLL_DEG = roll of the vehicle to the left or right; units = degrees. SALINITY_PPT = salinity; units = practical salinity units. TS_LATITUDE_DEG = latitude of the ship's position in degrees. TS_LONGITUDE_DEG = longitude of the ship's position in degrees. VERTICAL_VELOCITY_M_PER_S2 = vertical velocity of the vehicle; units = meters per second (m/s). ALTITUDE_OK = binary variable indicating whether or not the altitude reading is valid (1) or invalid (0). Salinity data (725salinityinterp.csv, 726salinityinterp.csv): dist = distance along the transect; units = meters (m). depth = depth of the vehicle; units = meters (m). salinity = interpolated salinity value in that grid cell; units = practical salinity units. Temperature data (725tempinterp.csv, 726tempinterp.csv): dist = distance along the transect; units = meters (m). depth = depth of the vehicle; units = meters (m). temp = interpolated temperature value in that grid cell; units = degrees Celsius.
LiteratureReview-PSEM.zip (ZIP Archive (ZIP), 1.28 MB) MD5:459707a6b0d37bb15c4f3928e7c29b49 This folder contains a compilation of data from two open access databases used to make some calculations in the published manuscript. The folder also contains the data frame used to run the piecewise structural equation models (PSEM). File names and descriptions: COPEPOD2012_DolPaper_locations.csv = has the location of the crustacean biomass estimates from the COPEPOD database. The column names are as follows: lon and lat of the estimate, Biomass of crustaceans in mg of Carbon per meter cubed, dataset = the dataset from which this estimate was acquired. JeDI2015_DolPaper_locations.csv = has the location of pelagic tunicate estimates from the JEDI database. These columns include the approximate latitude and longitude of the estimate. psem_df.csv = contains all of the automated data with binned abundances derived from the CNN output and used in the piecewise structural equation model. Headers are similar to other files described. Column names, descriptions, and units: File "COPEPOD2012_DolPaper_locations.csv": lon = longitude of the biomass estimate; units = degrees East. lat = latitude of the biomass estimate; units = degrees North. Biomass.mgCm3 = biomass of crustaceans in milligrams of Carbon per meter cubed. dataset = the dataset from which this estimate was acquired. File "JeDI2015_DolPaper_locations.csv": Columns C-H are all different levels of taxonomic accuracy for the estimate, including, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species. numericDensity_number.m3 = the number per meter cubed. Biomass.mgC.m3 = the biomass of the group in mg C per meter cubed. Loc = the general area where the estimate is made. dataset = an indicator of the estimate being from the JeDI dataset.
R-Scripts.zip (ZIP Archive (ZIP), 32.87 KB) MD5:b47e4d46a0ff0c1e3d3d2293e9c811f2 This folder contains the R-scripts used to conduct all analyses synthesizing these datasets. For all of these scripts, comments are provided in the script to elaborate on what is happening as far as the inputs and outputs. File names and descriptions: DolBinning.R = Takes all individual doliolid data and merges it with the oceanographic sensor data to get counts per unit volume and patchiness statistics. Dol-ManualvAuto.R = compares the manual and automated data collected in the Gulf of Mexico on July 26, 2016. ORCA_dols_Mo_fileloading.R = reads in the files from the automated analysis and converts them to a common format for comparison. PSEM_doliolid.R = code for running the piecewise structural equation model using the psem_df.csv file

Supplemental Files

File
File_Descriptions.pdf (Portable Document Format (.pdf), 473.92 KB) MD5:33f0a32b0b06cf59646bbee7b4ca3e91 Description of all Data Files as part of BCO-DMO dataset 885637, “Doliolid Distribution Synthesis” (PI: Adam Greer)

More Information about this dataset

Funding Sources

Funding Source	Award Number
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-2023133

Deployments

None available yet

Instruments

In Situ Ichtyoplankton Imaging System

Supplied Name: In situ Ichthyoplankton Imaging System (ISIIS)

Supplied Description:

In situ Ichthyoplankton Imaging System (ISIIS), which includes a camera system with a 13 centimeter (cm) field of view and 50 cm depth of field. The camera scans approximately 35,000 pixel (px) lines per second, producing a continuous strip of imaged ocean water that is parsed by acquisition software into 2048 px by 2048 px images (~17 Hz). The instrument is equipped with various oceanographic sensors, including conductivity, temperature, depth (SBE 49, Seabird Electronics), chlorophyll-a fluorescence (ECO FL-RT), and dissolved oxygen (SBE 43) to measure oceanographic conditions associated with each image.

Instrument Type

Generic Name: In Situ Ichtyoplankton Imaging System

Acronym: ISIIS

Generic Description:

The In Situ Ichthyoplankton Imaging System (ISIIS) is an underwater imaging system aimed at capturing in situ, real time images of marine zooplankton of relatively low abundance such as fish larvae and fragile gelatinous organisms. The first prototype, delivered in 2007, was attached to a relatively simple vehicle towed by an oceanographic vessel at a speed of five knots. The vehicle, and associated imaging system and sensors, was moved up and down through the water column by paying cable in and out via an oceanographic winch. Subsequently, a new vehicle has been designed with the capacity of self undulation using motor actuated dive fins.

The ISIIS system utilizes a high-resolution line-scanning camera with a Light Emitting Diode (LED) light source, modified by plano-convex optics, to create a collimated light field to back-light a parcel of water.

ISIIS was developed in collaboration between the University of Miami's Rosenstiel School of Atmospheric and Marine Science (RSMAS) and the subsea engineering company, Bellamare, LLC, located in San Diego CA. See complete description from RSMAS.

Reference:
Cowen RK and Guigand CM. 2008. In situ Ichthyoplankton Imaging System (ISIIS): system design and preliminary results. Limnol. Oceanogr. Methods. 6:126-132. doi:10.4319/lom.2008.6.126

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Dataset: Doliolid Distribution Synthesis