Contributors | Affiliation | Role |
---|---|---|
Gemmell, Brad J. | University of South Florida (USF) | Principal Investigator |
Sutherland, Kelly Rakow | University of Oregon | Principal Investigator, Contact |
Conley, Keats R. | University of Oregon | Scientist |
Hiebert, Terra C. | University of Oregon | Scientist |
von Dassow, George | University of Oregon | Scientist |
Rauch, Shannon | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO) | BCO-DMO Data Manager |
All experimental animals were obtained from the appendicularian culture facility at the Sars Centre for Marine Molecular Biology in Bergen, Norway in December 2015. Oikopleura dioica were filmed individually following Gemmell et al. (2014). Images were recorded using an Edgertronic high-speed camera (1280 × 1024-pixel resolution, 500 frames per second) with brightfield illumination from a fiber optic light source, or a Photron FastCam Mini Ux100 (1280x1024, 125-1000 frames per second) with darkfield illumination from a tilting mirror base. The filming vessel was positioned on a manually adjustable stage between the light source and the camera. A long working-distance microscope objective (4x or 40x) was mounted to an adjustable-height optics clamp positioned between the filming vessel and the camera. Videos were converted to image stacks in QuickTime Pro. Day 1 animals were filmed in a 50-milliliter glass cuvette in treatments comprising 3 temperatures: 5° Celsius, 15° Celsius, and 25° Celsius.
The videos are attached as Supplemental Files (there is one .zip folder for each temperature treatment).
Data Processing:
Changes in the size of the food concentrating filters during tail arrest and tail beating were measured as area using ImageJ. Area measurements were made every 2 seconds for 1 minute from a video of a single individual.
BCO-DMO Processing:
- renamed fields to comply with BCO-DMO naming conventions;
- bundled the videos into 3 .zip files (see Supplemental Files).
File |
---|
897665_filter_area.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 691 bytes) MD5:6f1e130ff7b04e93427ef1db04985a35 Primary data file for dataset ID 897665 |
File |
---|
15C.zip (ZIP Archive (ZIP), 1.94 GB) MD5:5ee628c77dd3b5079923bb2d4004a5dc This .zip contains 17 .mov video files from the 15 degrees Celsius treatments. See the file inventory (Appendicularian_Video_Inventory.csv) for a description of each file. |
25C.zip (ZIP Archive (ZIP), 2.01 GB) MD5:02928e5f9fd97b1f5f73cd4dc8f5e6c4 This .zip contains 16 .mov video files from the 25 degrees Celsius treatments. See the file inventory (Appendicularian_Video_Inventory.csv) for a description of each file. |
5C.zip (ZIP Archive (ZIP), 2.49 GB) MD5:6888cc317e68626484f97c5fd5a53df6 This .zip contains 20 .mov video files from the 5 degrees Celsius treatments. See the file inventory (Appendicularian_Video_Inventory.csv) for a description of each file. |
Appendicularian_Video_Inventory.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 2.77 KB) MD5:3984ad11c2e6a3e4373883742f6988ad Inventory/description of video files contained in the three .zip files - one for each temperature treatment. This inventory was originally provided as an Excel file and was converted to .csv by BCO-DMO. |
Parameter | Description | Units |
Video | Video identifier. The 10-digit video file names correspond to the .mov file names. The .mov files are provided in the attached .zip folders as Supplemental Files. | unitless |
Time | Time at frame measured | seconds |
Area | Filter area measured in ImageJ | square millimeters (mm^2) |
Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Edgertronic high-speed camera |
Generic Instrument Name | Camera |
Generic Instrument Description | All types of photographic equipment including stills, video, film and digital systems. |
Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Photron FastCam Mini Ux100 |
Generic Instrument Name | Camera |
Generic Instrument Description | All types of photographic equipment including stills, video, film and digital systems. |
NSF Award Abstract:
The oceans are dominated by microscopic plants and animals (microorganisms) that are at the base of the food web and drive energy and carbon cycles on global scales. Soft jellylike animals called gelatinous grazers specialize in feeding on microorganisms using nets made out of mucus. Gelatinous grazers are abundant in the ocean and have high feeding rates on microorganisms so could have a very strong influence on the abundance and diversity of microorganisms and could change how oceanic food webs are currently understood. However, gelatinous grazers are very fragile and patchy in their distributions so it has been difficult to determine the magnitude and dynamics of these important predator-prey relationships on a meaningful scale using traditional approaches, thus they have typically been disregarded in food web studies. Learning more about the predator-prey relationship between gelatinous grazers and microorganisms will improve understanding of the structure, mechanics, and dynamics of the ocean's food web, which is a critical economic and ecosystem resource on Earth. This project is determining grazing rates by gelatinous animals on microbes to inform food web models. The project also trains students to communicate, disseminate, and interpret scientific findings. These broader impacts goals will be attained through partnerships at the University of Oregon (Applied Scientific Communication) and Portland State University (Advanced Technical Writing), training of 1 PhD student, 2 undergraduates, and 4 science communication interns, and development of a week-long workshop and establish student mentorship relationships towards production of communication products.
The project integrates laboratory and oceanographic approaches to address several specific aspects of the predator-prey relationship between gelatinous grazers and ocean microorganisms. Five distinct types of gelatinous grazers, each with different feeding morphologies and life history, will be studied in an oceanographic setting with an abundant and diverse natural microbial population. These target organisms include pelagic tunicates (salps, appendicularians, doliolods and pyrosomes) and thecosome pteropods. The approach quantifies: 1) grazing rates in the natural ocean environment, 2) particle selectivity with a focus on size and shape and, 3) the morphological and hydrodynamic properties of feeding that underlie the measured grazing rates and particle selection. The project uses a variety of techniques including sampling via SCUBA diving, laboratory experiments, high speed/high resolution videography, flow cytometry, and DNA sequencing techniques.
Funding Source | Award |
---|---|
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) |