Dataset: Size-fractionated particulate trace element concentrations determined by ICP-MS from Ocean Station Papa during the 2018 EXPORTS cruise

Name: Size-fractionated particulate trace element concentrations determined by ICP-MS from Ocean Station Papa during the 2018 EXPORTS cruise (R/V Sally Ride cruise SR1812)
Published: 2024-12-23
Keywords: particulate minor element concentrations, particulate trace element concentrations, particulate trace metals, particulate phosphorus, size-fractionated particles, oceans

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Cite This Dataset

Spatial Extent: N:50.644602 E:-144.74075 S:50.046084 W:-145.50209

Ocean Station Papa in the North Pacific

Temporal Extent: 2018-08-15 - 2018-09-04

Project:

Collaborative Research: Estimation of particle aggregation and disaggregation rates from the inversion of chemical tracer data (Particle aggregation)

Program:

EXport Processes in the Ocean from Remote Sensing (EXPORTS)

Principal Investigator:

Phoebe J. Lam (University of California-Santa Cruz, UCSC)

Scientist:

Jong-Mi Lee (University of California-Santa Cruz, UCSC)

BCO-DMO Data Manager:

Amber D. York (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Version:

Version Date:

2024-12-23

Restricted:

Validated:

Current State:

Data not available

Size-fractionated particulate trace element concentrations determined by ICP-MS from Ocean Station Papa during the 2018 EXPORTS cruise (R/V Sally Ride cruise SR1812)

Abstract:

Total minor and trace element concentrations were determined by ICP-MS on profiles of size-fractionated (0.8-51um, >51um) particles collected by battery-operated in-situ filtration at Ocean Station Papa in the North Pacific in August 2018 during the 2018 EXPORTS cruise (R/V Sally Ride cruise SR1812).

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Methods & Sampling

1. Sampling

Size-fractionated (0.8-51um; >51um) particles were collected using dual-flow McLane Research in-situ pumps (WTS-LV) and 142mm “mini-MULVFS” filter holders (Bishop et al., 2012; Lam et al., 2018; Lam et al., 2015; Xiang and Lam, 2020). One filter holder/flowpath was loaded with a 51 um Sefar polyester prefilter and followed by paired 0.8 um Pall Supor800 polyethersulfone filters (“Supor-side”). A 150 um Sefar polyester mesh was placed underneath all 51 um prefilters to facilitate filter handling but not analyzed. All filters and filter holders were acid leached before use based on the recommended methods in the GEOTRACES sample and sample-handling protocols (Cutter et al., 2010). Samples were processed in a laminar flow hood at sea. After collection, each 51 um/150 um prefilter pair and 0.8 um Supor pair was transferred to an acid-leached 150mm PET petri dish, bagged in ziploc bags, and frozen at -20°C at sea and shipped back to UCSC frozen.

In the lab, a 1/8 slice of the frozen 51 um prefilter was rinsed with filtered TM-clean surface OSP seawater by vacuum filtration onto a 25mm 0.8 um Supor filter in a laminar flow hood. The 25mm Supor filters were dried until ready for analysis. Half of the frozen paired 142mm Supor filters were dried in a laminar flow hood until ready for analysis.

2. Analytical Procedures

The digestion method of particulate minor and trace elements is based on a refluxing method (Planquette and Sherrell, 2012) with light modifications as described in (Xiang and Lam, 2020). In brief, the Supor filter was adhered to the wall by surface tension in a 15 mL flat-bottom screw-cap Savillex vial to avoid immersion. After 4-h refluxing at 110 ˚C with an ultrapure (ARISTAR® or Optima grade) 50% HNO3/10% HF (v/v) mixture, digestion acids were transferred into secondary vials and heated to near dryness. The residue was heated in 50% HNO3/15% HF (v/v) to dryness at 110 ˚C. The final residue was re-dissolved with 2 ml 5% HNO3 spiked with 1 ppb In. Two certified reference materials (BCR-414 and PACS-2) were digested routinely alongside the samples to assure the quality of each digestion. Sample solutions were analyzed using an Element XR high-resolution ICP-MS (Thermo Scientific) at the UCSC Plasma Analytical Facility. Elemental concentrations were standardized using multi-element, external standard curves prepared from NIST atomic absorption-standards in 5% HNO3. Instrument drift and matrix effects were corrected using the internal 1ppb In standard and monitored using a mixed element run standard. Concentrations were determined using external standard curves of mixed trace elements standards.

Data Processing Description

Data processing:

- Blank subtraction

Outliers in dipped blanks (db), as process blanks, for each measurement type were excluded using Chauvenet's criterion (Glover et al., 2011). The median of db filters was used in blank subtraction to account for adsorption of TMs from seawater and sample handling.

Errors

The reported errors are determined as the standard deviation of the dipped blank filters for each element, divided by the equivalent volume filtered in that sample.

Quality Flags

The detection limit was defined as three times the standard deviation of the dipped blank filters. Values below the detection limit were flagged as QF=6 in the GTSPP convention (also adopted by SeaDataNet and recommended by the GEOTRACES programme).

All data have been assigned quality flags using the GTSPP convention and interpretation:

1=good—passed lab QC and oceanographically consistent

2=possibly good—oceanographically consistent, but have minor sampling/instrumental issues

3=possibly bad—not oceanographically consistent, or have major sampling/instrumental issues

4=bad—failed lab QC (including all failed pumps when only small or no volume was pumped through the filter), or known issue with samples.

6=below detection limit

9=data missing (including all “nd”). For a measured parameter, this QF applies to lost or missing samples that were not measured.

Note about missing data identifiers:
In the BCO-DMO data system missing data identifiers are displayed according to the format of data you access. For example, in csv files it will be blank (null) values. In Matlab .mat files it will be NaN values. When viewing data online at BCO-DMO, the missing value will be shown as blank (null) values.

BCO-DMO Processing

Data table within file "EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_BCODMO_20241130noZn.csv" was imported into the BCO-DMO data system for this dataset. Values "NaN" imported as missing data values.
** In the BCO-DMO data system missing data identifiers are displayed according to the format of data you access. For example, in csv files it will be blank (null) values. In Matlab .mat files it will be NaN values. When viewing data online at BCO-DMO, the missing value will be shown as blank (null) values.

* Column names adjusted to conform to BCO-DMO naming conventions designed to support broad re-use by a variety of research tools and scripting languages. [Only numbers, letters, and underscores. Can not start with a number]
* example: "1SD_Ce_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM" changed to "Ce_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD"

* Datetime converted to datetime with timezone (ISO 8601 format, UTC as "Z").

* trace concentration decimals were rounded to 5 decimal places (as discussed with data submitter).

* The supplementary table was revised through correspondence and file "EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_BCODMO_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits_20241130.csv" provided by email was attached to this dataset as "EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv"

More Information about this dataset

Funding Sources

Funding Source	Award Number
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-1829614

Deployments

Deployment	Synonyms	Start Date	Platform	Investigator
SR1812	EXPORTS	2018-08-09	R/V Sally Ride	Norman Nelson (Chief Scientist)	data info

Instruments

McLane Large Volume Pumping System WTS-LV

Supplied Name: dual-flow McLane Research in-situ pumps (WTS-LV)

Supplied Description:

dual-flow McLane Research in-situ pumps (WTS-LV). More details can be found in the patent description (https://patents.google.com/patent/US20130298702) and official website of the manufacturer (https://mclanelabs.com/wts-lv-large-volume-pump/).

Instrument Type

Generic Name: McLane Large Volume Pumping System WTS-LV

Acronym: WTS-LV

Generic Description:

The WTS-LV is a Water Transfer System (WTS) Large Volume (LV) pumping instrument designed and manufactured by McLane Research Labs (Falmouth, MA, USA). It is a large-volume, single-event sampler that collects suspended and dissolved particulate samples in situ.

Ambient water is drawn through a modular filter holder onto a 142-millimeter (mm) membrane without passing through the pump. The standard two-tier filter holder provides prefiltering and size fractioning. Collection targets include chlorophyll maximum, particulate trace metals, and phytoplankton. It features different flow rates and filter porosity to support a range of specimen collection. Sampling can be programmed to start at a scheduled time or begin with a countdown delay. It also features a dynamic pump speed algorithm that adjusts flow to protect the sample as material accumulates on the filter. Several pump options range from 0.5 to 30 liters per minute, with a max volume of 2,500 to 36,000 liters depending on the pump and battery pack used. The standard model is depth rated to 5,500 meters, with a deeper 7,000-meter option available. The operating temperature is -4 to 35 degrees Celsius.

The WTS-LV is available in four different configurations: Standard, Upright, Bore Hole, and Dual Filter Sampler. The high-capacity upright WTS-LV model provides three times the battery life of the standard model. The Bore-Hole WTS-LV is designed to fit through a narrow opening such as a 30-centimeter borehole. The dual filter WTS-LV features two vertical intake 142 mm filter holders to allow simultaneous filtering using two different porosities.

Thermo Scientific ELEMENT XR high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer

Supplied Name: Element XR high-resolution ICP-MS (Thermo Scientific)

Supplied Description:

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Thermo Scientific ELEMENT XR high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer

Acronym: Element XR HR-ICP-MS

Generic Description:

A high-resolution (HR) inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectrometer (MS) composed of a dual mode secondary electron multiplier (SEM) and a Faraday detector. The ELEMENT XR instrument has a dynamic range of 5 x 10^7 to 1 x 10^12 counts per second (cps), and allows simultaneous measurement of elements at concentrations over 1000 ug/g.

Parameters

Date and time formats are described in python strftime() syntax.

Supplied Name	Supplied description	Supplied Units	Standard Name
datetimeUTC	Datetime with timezone (in ISO 8601 format) Format: %Y-%m-%dT%H:%MZ	units	ISO_DateTime_UTC
latitude	latitude in degrees N	decimal degrees	lat
longitude	longitude in degrees E	decimal degrees	lon
Epoch	the cruise was divided into 3 sampling epochs	unitless	sample_descrip
stationtype	small scale' (SS) or 'large scale' (LS) survey	unitless	site_descrip
station	station ID. station numbers were either part of the 'small scale' (SS) or 'large scale' (LS) survey	unitless	station
depthm	Depth of sampling	meters (m)	depth
volumeSuporL	volume filtered through flow path	liters (L)	volume
SPTsampleID	sample ID of the Supor small size fraction filter	unitless	sample
LPTsampleID	sample ID of the Supor flow path large size fraction filter	unitless	sample
Sr_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total strontium (Sr) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Y_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total yttrium (Y) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Mo_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total molybdenum (Mo) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Ag_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total Silver (Ag) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Cd_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total cadmium (Cd) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Ba_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total Strontium (Sr) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
La_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total lanthanum (La) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Ce_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total cerium (Ce) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Nd_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total neodymium (Nd) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Pb_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total lead (Pb) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Th_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total thorium (Th) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
U_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total uranium (U) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Al_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total aluminum (Al) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
P_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total phosphorus (P) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Sc_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total scandium (Sc) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Ti_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total titanium (Ti) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
V_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total vanadium (V) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Mn_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total manganese (Mn) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Fe_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total iron (Fe) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Co_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total cobalt (Co) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Ni_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total nickel (Ni) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Cu_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Small (1-51um) particulate total copper (Cu) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Sr_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total strontium (Sr) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Y_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total yttrium (Y) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Mo_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total molybdenum (Mo) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Ag_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total Silver (Ag) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Cd_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total cadmium (Cd) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Ba_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total Strontium (Sr) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
La_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total lanthanum (La) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Ce_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total cerium (Ce) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Nd_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total neodymium (Nd) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Pb_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total lead (Pb) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Th_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total thorium (Th) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
U_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total uranium (U) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Al_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total aluminum (Al) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
P_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total phosphorus (P) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Sc_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total scandium (Sc) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Ti_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total titanium (Ti) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
V_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total vanadium (V) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Mn_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total manganese (Mn) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Fe_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total iron (Fe) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Co_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total cobalt (Co) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Ni_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total nickel (Ni) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Cu_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for small (1-51um) particulate total copper (Cu) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Flag_Sr_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total strontium (Sr) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Y_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total yttrium (Y) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Mo_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total molybdenum (Mo) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Ag_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total Silver (Ag) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Cd_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total cadmium (Cd) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Ba_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total Strontium (Sr) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_La_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total lanthanum (La) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Ce_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total cerium (Ce) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Nd_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total neodymium (Nd) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Pb_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total lead (Pb) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Th_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total thorium (Th) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_U_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total uranium (U) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Al_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total aluminum (Al) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_P_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total phosphorus (P) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Sc_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total scandium (Sc) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Ti_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total titanium (Ti) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_V_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total vanadium (V) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Mn_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total manganese (Mn) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Fe_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total iron (Fe) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Co_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total cobalt (Co) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Ni_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total nickel (Ni) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Cu_SPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for small (1-51um) particulate total copper (Cu) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Sr_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total strontium (Sr) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Y_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total yttrium (Y) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Mo_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total molybdenum (Mo) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Ag_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total Silver (Ag) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Cd_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total cadmium (Cd) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Ba_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total Strontium (Sr) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
La_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total lanthanum (La) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Ce_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total cerium (Ce) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Nd_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total neodymium (Nd) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Pb_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total lead (Pb) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Th_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total thorium (Th) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
U_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total uranium (U) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Al_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total aluminum (Al) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
P_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total phosphorus (P) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Sc_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total scandium (Sc) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Ti_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total titanium (Ti) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
V_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total vanadium (V) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Mn_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total manganese (Mn) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Fe_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total iron (Fe) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Co_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total cobalt (Co) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Ni_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total nickel (Ni) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Cu_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total copper (Cu) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Zn_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Large (>51um) particulate total zing (Zn) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	trace_element_conc
Sr_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total strontium (Sr) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Y_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total yttrium (Y) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Mo_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total molybdenum (Mo) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Ag_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total Silver (Ag) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Cd_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total cadmium (Cd) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Ba_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total Strontium (Sr) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
La_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total lanthanum (La) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Ce_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total cerium (Ce) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Nd_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total neodymium (Nd) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Pb_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total lead (Pb) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Th_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total thorium (Th) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
U_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total uranium (U) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Al_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total aluminum (Al) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
P_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total phosphorus (P) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Sc_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total scandium (Sc) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Ti_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total titanium (Ti) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
V_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total vanadium (V) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Mn_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total manganese (Mn) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Fe_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total iron (Fe) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Co_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total cobalt (Co) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Ni_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total nickel (Ni) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Cu_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM_1SD	Error (1 SD) for Large (>51um) particulate total copper (Cu) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	picomolar (pM)	std_dev
Flag_Sr_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total strontium (Sr) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Y_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total yttrium (Y) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Mo_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total molybdenum (Mo) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Ag_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total Silver (Ag) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Cd_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total cadmium (Cd) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Ba_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total Strontium (Sr) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_La_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total lanthanum (La) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Ce_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total cerium (Ce) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Nd_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total neodymium (Nd) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Pb_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total lead (Pb) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Th_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total thorium (Th) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_U_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total uranium (U) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Al_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total aluminum (Al) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_P_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total phosphorus (P) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Sc_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total scandium (Sc) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Ti_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total titanium (Ti) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_V_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total vanadium (V) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Mn_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total manganese (Mn) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Fe_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total iron (Fe) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Co_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total cobalt (Co) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Ni_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total nickel (Ni) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag
Flag_Cu_LPT_CONC_PUMP_pM	Quality Flag (GTSPP) for Large (>51um) particulate total copper (Cu) concentration. See supplemental table 'EXPORTSNPac2018_pTM_Typical-equivalent-detection-limits.csv' for more information.	unitless	q_flag

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Dataset: Size-fractionated particulate trace element concentrations determined by ICP-MS from Ocean Station Papa during the 2018 EXPORTS cruise