Dataset: Integrated Euphausiid Abundance and Zooplankton Biomass restructured
Deployment: SH-003

Gulf Stream Warm-Core and Cold-Core Rings integrated Euphausiid abundance and zooplankton biomass from 1970s, 1980s

View Data: For data, See Dataset Metadata Page: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/552287

Principal Investigator:

Peter H. Wiebe (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI)

BCO-DMO Data Manager:

Ms Dicky Allison (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Project:

North Atlantic Dark Data: Rings (NAtlDarkData)

Current State:

Preliminary and in progress

Version:

Deployment Synonyms:

SH_003

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Description

These data are zooplankton collected and identified in the 1970s and 1980s as part of the cold-core and warm-core rings multidisciplinary programs and other related projects. They have been filtered and post-processed. Included are zooplankton biomass and euphausiid species abundance from 306 tows and related metadata taken on 34 research cruises in the Northwest Atlantic. The zooplankton biomass and euphausiid catch data and the associated environmental information were acquired using ring nets, net systems, and CTD/rosettes (Conductivity-Temperature-Depth) and Niskin bottles. Ring net, Bongo net and MOCNESS (Multiple Opening and Closing Nets and Environmental Sensing Systems) tows were quantified using flow meters calibrated to provide volumes of water filtered for each tow.

A note about 'nd': Traditionally 'nd' is taken to mean 'no data'. Within that meaning, however, there is much variability. Here 'nd' could mean the more traditional 'we tried and got bad or no data'. It could mean 'these data are not considered relevant to the overall effort'. Finally, 'nd' could mean 'does not exist'.

This particular dataset is a re-display of the dataset Integrated Euphausiid Abundance and Zooplankton Biomass with the individual zooplankton under a general heading of 'species'.

References:

Wiebe, P. [ed] 1983. Interdisciplinary study of Gulf Stream warm-core rings physics, chemistry, and biology.Report of the Warm-Core Rings Data Workshop. July 6-19, 1983.Whispering Pines Conference Center, W. Alton Jones Campus, University of Rhode Island, West Greenwich, Rhode Island. http://dmoserv3.bco-dmo.org/data_docs/NAtlDarkData/Wiebe_Report_WCR_DataWorkshop_AltonJones_July1983.pdf

Methods & Sampling

Dataset acquisition description

The original acquisition and processing of these data was documented in cruise reports and peer-reviewed papers:

Hunt, M. and P.H. Wiebe. l980. A data base for zooplankton net tow data. W.H.O.I. Technical Report 80-28. 65 pp.

Joyce, T.M., & Wiebe, P.H. (1983). Warm core rings of the Gulf Stream. Oceanus, 26(2), 34-44.

McGowan, J. A., & Brown, D. M. (1966). A new opening-closing paired zooplankton net. Scripps Institute of Oceanography Reference, 66/23, 1–56.

Ring Group (Backus, R.H., G.R. Flierl, D. Kester, D.B. Olson, D. Richardson, A. Vastano, P.H. Wiebe and J. Wormuth). (1981). Gulf Stream cold core rings: Their physics, chemistry, and biology. Science, 212, 1091-1100.

Wiebe, P.H., E.M. Hulburt, E.J. Carpenter, A.E. Jahn, G.P. Knapp, III. S.H. Boyd, P.B. Ortner, and J.L. Cox. 1996. Gulf Stream cold core rings: Large scale interaction sites for open ocean planktonic communities. Deep-Sea Res. 23: 695-710.

Wiebe, P.H. and G.R. Flierl. 1983. Euphausiid invasion/dispersal in Gulf Stream cold core rings. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 34(4): 625-652.

Wiebe, P.H., N.J. Copley, and S.H. Boyd. 1992. Coarse-scale horizontal patchiness and vertical migration in newly formed Gulf Stream warm-core ring 82-H. Deep-Sea Res. 39, Suppl. 1: 247-278.

Data Processing Description

Dataset Processing Description

Recovering these data started with the metadata: how, when and where the zooplankton data
were collected. The metadata being sought are summarized in Table 1. As noted above, the data
reside in notebooks , cruise reports, old computer files, and blue cover reports.
However, the crucial element that makes the effort possible is the presence of the scientist who
conducted the research for which the samples were collected and remembers many important
details about where to look and what to look for. At one time some of the data were entered into
a main-frame based database system, which has since disappeared (Hunt and Wiebe, [12]).

The search began systematically with the listing of all of the cruises that were participated on in
the 1970s and 1980s, and then seeking out the information/data listing the zooplankton
net tows. All of the data included cruise ids, station information, tow information, net
descriptions rudimentary or otherwise, latitudes and longitudes, times and instrument depths,
often including multiple sampling depths with the same net system.

Information was not often complete in the analysis notebooks and this
required going back into the original cruise log books and crosschecking with other published
papers.

For some cruises there was a personal log that had information to fill in the blanks.
There were also errors. The most potentially damaging errors were those of station position.
Degrees and decimal minutes were sometimes converted to decimal degrees by simply moving
the decimal place and not first dividing the minutes by 60. In addition, sometimes a discrepancy
was found between the same information in two different sources. Those errors had to be
tracked down using as many other sources as possible.

More information about this dataset deployment

Funding

Award Number	Funding Source
OCE-1435578	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences

Instruments

Bongo Net

Supplied Description:

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Bongo Net

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/NETT0009/

Generic Description:

A Bongo Net consists of paired plankton nets, typically with a 60 cm diameter mouth opening and varying mesh sizes, 10 to 1000 micron. The Bongo Frame was designed by the National Marine Fisheries Service for use in the MARMAP program. It consists of two cylindrical collars connected with a yoke so that replicate samples are collected at the same time. Variations in models are designed for either vertical hauls (OI-2500 = NMFS Pairovet-Style, MARMAP Bongo, CalVET) or both oblique and vertical hauls (Aquatic Research). The OI-1200 has an opening and closing mechanism that allows discrete "known-depth" sampling. This model is large enough to filter water at the rate of 47.5 m3/minute when towing at a speed of two knots. More information: Ocean Instruments, Aquatic Research, Sea-Gear

Meter Net

Supplied Description:

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Meter Net

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/22/

Generic Description:

A meter net is a plankton net with a one meter diameter opening and a mesh size of .333 mm, towed horizontally, obliquely or vertically, also known as a Ring Net.

MOCNESS-1D

Supplied Name: MOC1D

Supplied Description:

Instrument Type

Generic Name: MOCNESS-1D

Acronym: MOC1D

Generic Description:

The Double MOCNESS 1D carries 20 1m2 nets usually of mesh size 335micron and is designed to collect macrozooplankton.

This MOCNESS system uses the same underwater and shipboard electronic system for operation and data acquisition as other MOCNESS systems. The nets are opened and closed sequentially by commands transmitted from the surface deck unit through a single conducting cable to the underwater unit. The command circuit has a provision to permit commands to be sent to either the left of right set of nets when using the double MOCNESS-1D. - from Wiebe et al, 1985.

MOCNESS1

Supplied Name: MOC1

Supplied Description:

Instrument Type

Generic Name: MOCNESS1

Acronym: MOC1

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/NETT0097/

Generic Description:

The Multiple Opening/Closing Net and Environmental Sensing System or MOCNESS is a family of net systems based on the Tucker Trawl principle. The MOCNESS-1 carries nine 1-m2 nets usually of 335 micrometer mesh and is intended for use with the macrozooplankton. All nets are black to reduce contrast with the background. A motor/toggle release assembly is mounted on the top portion of the frame and stainless steel cables with swaged fittings are used to attach the net bar to the toggle release. A stepping motor in a pressure compensated case filled with oil turns the escapement crankshaft of the toggle release which sequentially releases the nets to an open then closed position on command from the surface. -- from the MOCNESS Operations Manual (1999 + 2003).

Parameters

Supplied Name	Supplied description	Supplied Units	Standard Name
cruiseid	unique identifier for cruise	text	cruiseid
year	year	YYYY	year
month_local	month of year	mm	month_local
day_local	day of year	dd	day_local
time_local	local time of zooplankton collection	hhmm	time_local
ISODateTime_local	ISO 19115-2 Standard Date and time	formidable format	ISO_DateTime_Local
lat	latitude of tow. North is positive	decimal degrees	lat
lon	longitude of tow. West is negative	decimal degrees	lon
region	location on the Earth	text	site
depth_max	maximum depth of tow	meters	depth_max
depth_mid	middle depth of tow	meters	depth_mid
vol_filt	volume filtered; i.e. how much water went through the net	cubic meters	vol_filt
disp_vol_Mm3	displacement volume	milliliters per 1000 cubic meters	disp_vol
integ_disp_vol	integrated displacement volume	milliliters per square meter	disp_vol
Carbon	Integrated Carbon	millimoles per square meter	no_bcodmo_term
depth_10degISO	depth of 10 degree isotherm	meters	depth
dist_RiCntr	distance to the ring center	kilometers	no_bcodmo_term
biomass_50	Depth at which cumulative percent of the biomass equals 50 percent; i.e. half the biomass of the water column sampled	meters	depth
species	individual species names - a binomial	text	species
abundance	number of animals caught per square meter	number per square meter	abundance
tow	sequential number of tow	number	tow
tow_type	which instrument was used	text	instrument

Database

Contribute Data

Dataset: Integrated Euphausiid Abundance and Zooplankton Biomass restructured
Deployment: SH-003

Dataset acquisition description

Dataset Processing Description

Database

Contribute Data

Dataset: Integrated Euphausiid Abundance and Zooplankton Biomass restructuredDeployment: SH-003

Dataset acquisition description

Dataset Processing Description

Dataset: Integrated Euphausiid Abundance and Zooplankton Biomass restructured
Deployment: SH-003