Dataset: Stress bands Jarvis
Deployment: SE1602-02

Stress bands Jarvis

View Data: For data, See Dataset Metadata Page: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/775828

Principal Investigator:

Anne L. Cohen (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI)

BCO-DMO Data Manager:

Karen Soenen (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Project:

Skeletal Records of Coral Reef Bleaching in the Central Equatorial Pacific (Coral Bleaching Skeletal Records)

Version:

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Description

These data were published in Barkley et al., 2018 (Figure 5).

The dataset contains historical coral reef bleaching events on Jarvis Island reconstructed from stress bands in Porites coral cores. Samples are collected between 2010 and 2016.

Methods & Sampling

Dataset acquisition description

Skeletal cores were collected from Porites coral colonies in April 2010 (n = 4), May 2012 (n = 3), September 2012 (n = 6), November 2015 (n = 16), and May 2016 (n = 1). All cores were collected from colonies at 3-17 m depth using pneumatic or hydraulic drills with diamond drill bits. Cores collected in 2010 and 2012 were sampled from healthy colonies and were between 50 and 200 cm in length. In 2015, cores were collected from bleached Porites colonies, and were limited to 5-10 cm length in accordance with United States Fish and Wildlife Service permitting restrictions. The core collected in May 2016 was collected from a recently dead portion of a massive colony that experienced significant tissue mortality during the 2015-16 bleaching event. Core holes left in the coral colonies were filled with cement plugs, sealed with underwater epoxy, and secured flush with the existing colony surface. Visual inspections of coral colonies several years after coring demonstrated full recovery and complete tissue overgrowth of the cement plug.

Coral skeletal cores, ecological survey data, seawater samples, and in situ instrument time series were collected during expeditions aboard:

NOAA ship Hi’ialakai (2–4 April 2010, 3–5 May 2012)
Pangaea Exploration S/V Sea Dragon (13–16 September 2012)
R/V Machias (12–15 November 2015)
NOAA ship Oscar Elton Sette (17–23 May 2016)

Research activities and sample collection were conducted under U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Reefs National Wildlife Refuge Complex Research and Monitoring Special Use Permits:

12521-10001 (effective date: 15 Jan 2010; expiration date: 30 May 2010)
12521-12001 (effective date: 7 Feb 2012; expiration date: 31 Dec 2012)
12521-12005 (effective date: 29 Aug 2012; expiration date: 30 June 2014)
12521-14001 (effective date: 1 Jan 2015; expiration date: 31 Dec 2015)
12513-15001 (effective date: 11 Nov 2015; expiration date: 31 Dec 2015)

and in compliance with Presidential Proclamation 8336.

Data Processing Description

Dataset Processing Description

Coral cores were oven-dried and scanned with a Siemens Volume Zoom Helical Computerized Tomography (CT) Scanner at WHOI and at the University of North Carolina Biomedical Research Imaging Facility. Density banding and stress band presence was evaluated in 3-D CT scans of coral cores using the automated coralCT software (DeCarlo and Cohen 2016). Density time series were extracted and averaged from individual polyp growth tracks, which accounts for the different ages of skeleton in horizontal cross sections due to uneven growth geometry, in 0.1 mm increments from the top of the skeletal core up to 70 cm down core. Density values were converted to Z-scores by subtracting the long-term core mean density from each raw density value and dividing by the long-term standard deviation. High-density stress bands were defined as bands greater than 1 mm thick that spread across the entire width of the core where density values exceeded two standard deviations of the whole core density mean (i.e. a Z-score greater than 2). Stress bands that formed prior to 2010 were identified based on density banding patterns counted downward from the core top. Stress bands that were forming in 2015-16 were dated based on their location at the very top of the core (indicating that they were forming during the time of collection).

More information about this dataset deployment

Funding

Award Number	Funding Source
OCE-1737311	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences

Instruments

Computerized Tomography (CT) Scanner

Supplied Name:

Supplied Description:

Density banding and stress band presence was evaluated in 3-D CT scans of coral cores using a Matlab automated coralCT software from DeCarlo, T. & Cohen (2016)

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Computerized Tomography (CT) Scanner

Acronym: CT Scanner

Generic Description:

A CT scan makes use of computer-processed combinations of many X-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional (tomographic) images (virtual "slices") of specific areas of a scanned object.

Parameters

Supplied Name	Supplied description	Supplied Units	Standard Name
core_id	Unique identifier for each coral core	unitless	sample
date_collected	Month and year of core collection	unitless	Date_Month
latitude	Latitude of coral core; north = positive	decimal degrees	lat
longitude	Longitude of coral core; east = positive	decimal degrees	lon
depth	Depth of coral core	meters	depth
sb_1965_1966	Presence of stress band in 1965-1996; yes = stress band present; no = no stress band present; blank = no data	unitless	no_bcodmo_term
sb_1972_1973	Presence of stress band in 1972-1973; yes = stress band present; no = no stress band present; blank = no data	unitless	no_bcodmo_term
sb_1975_1976	Presence of stress band in 1975-1976; yes = stress band present; no = no stress band present; blank = no data	unitless	no_bcodmo_term
sb_1982_1983	Presence of stress band in 1982-1983; yes = stress band present; no = no stress band present; blank = no data	unitless	no_bcodmo_term
sb_1987_1988	Presence of stress band in 1987-1988; yes = stress band present; no = no stress band present; blank = no data	unitless	no_bcodmo_term
sb_1992_1993	Presence of stress band in 1992-1993; yes = stress band present; no = no stress band present; blank = no data	unitless	no_bcodmo_term
sb_1997_1998	Presence of stress band in 1997-1998; yes = stress band present; no = no stress band present; blank = no data	unitless	no_bcodmo_term
sb_2002_2003	Presence of stress band in 2002-2003; yes = stress band present; no = no stress band present; blank = no data	unitless	no_bcodmo_term
sb_2009_2010	Presence of stress band in 2009-2010; yes = stress band present; no = no stress band present; blank = no data	unitless	no_bcodmo_term
sb_2015_2016	Presence of stress band in 2015-2016; yes = stress band present; no = no stress band present; blank = no data	unitless	no_bcodmo_term

Database

Contribute Data

Dataset: Stress bands Jarvis
Deployment: SE1602-02

Dataset acquisition description

Dataset Processing Description

Database

Contribute Data

Dataset: Stress bands JarvisDeployment: SE1602-02

Dataset acquisition description

Dataset Processing Description

Dataset: Stress bands Jarvis
Deployment: SE1602-02