Dataset: Major Inorganic Ions in seawater near the BATS station, cruises AE2113 and AE2303

Name: Major inorganic ions from seawater collected near the BATS station during R/V Atlantic Explorer cruises AE2113 (July 2021) and AE2303 (January 2023)
Published: 2024-06-21
Keywords: oceans

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Spatial Extent: N:31.671 E:-64.159 S:31.652 W:-64.183

Bermuda Atlantic TimeSeries Study (BATS) station

Temporal Extent: 2021-01-28 - 2021-07-25

Project:

Collaborative Research: Seasonal Variability in refractory dissolved organic carbon fluxes associated with primary marine aerosol emitted from the oceans (Carbon Flux and Aerosol Emissions)

Program:

United States Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study (U.S. SOLAS)

Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB)

Principal Investigator:

David J. Kieber (State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, SUNY ESF)

Scientist:

Lei Xue (State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, SUNY ESF)

Data Manager:

Audrey Mickle (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Version:

Version Date:

2024-06-21

Restricted:

Validated:

Current State:

Preliminary and in progress

Major inorganic ions from seawater collected near the BATS station during R/V Atlantic Explorer cruises AE2113 (July 2021) and AE2303 (January 2023)

Abstract:

This dataset includes the concentrations of seven major inorganic ions determined in near surface (approximately 5 m) seawater samples collected from the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) station during a summer cruise in 2021 (AE2113) and a winter cruise in 2023 (AE2303) aboard the R/V Atlantic Explorer. The major ions in each sample were quantified using a Dionex dual channel model ICS 6000 high-performance ion chromatograph (ICS-6000 DP). This dataset was generated and prepared by Dr. Lei Xue under the supervision of Dr. David Kieber at the State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry. These data were used to determine the enrichment factor of major ions in primary marine aerosol (PMA) samples and to calculate the enrichment factors of protein/peptides and carbohydrates in PMA samples relative to seawater and the associated seasonal variability. This work is part of a larger study to understand the seasonal variability in the fraction of refractory organic carbon in primary marine aerosol at the BATS station.

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Methods & Sampling

Unfiltered seawater samples were collected using a Sea-Bird Electronic SBE conductivity, temperature, and pressure (CTD) sensors attached to a rosette. For major ion analysis, unfiltered seawater samples (ca. 7 mL) were stored in precleaned 10 mL Simport cryovials and frozen until further analysis using ion chromatography.

Seven major ionic species were analyzed using the method outlined in Keene et al. (2007). A Dionex dual channel model ICS 6000 high-performance ion chromatograph (ICS-6000 DP) was used to perform sample analysis. The anion channel was configured with Thermo Scientific Dionex guard (IonPac AG 18: 4 x 50 mm). The cation channel was configured **?with?** Dionex Guard (IonPac CG12 A: 4 x 50mm) and analytical (IonPacCG12A: 4 x 250mm) columns and a Thermo Scientific Dionex electrolytically regenerated suppressor (ADRS 600: 4mm). **The ion chromatograph was equipped with a Dionex AS-AP autosampler with the temperature set at 20°C, eluent generator cartridges (500 MSA, 500 KOH), ICS-6000 pumps, and Chromeleon 7 software.?**

Data Processing Description

Measurements from the ion chromatograph were compiled in Microsoft Excel along with CTD measurements and collection metadata.

BCO-DMO Processing

- Imported data from source file "Major Ions in seawater for AE2113 and 2303 cruises 6.18.24.xlsx" into the BCO-DMO data system.
- Combined date and time columns and converted to ISO8601 date format – from m/d/yyyy and H:M to %Y-%m-%dT%H:%MZ
- Converted longitude values to decimal degrees (where south and west directions are negative)
- Renamed fields to comply with BCO-DMO naming conventions
- Removed local time field

More Information about this dataset

Funding Sources

Funding Source	Award Number
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-2023104

Deployments

Deployment	Synonyms	Start Date	Platform	Investigator
AE2113		2021-07-22	R/V Atlantic Explorer	Steven R. Beaupré (Chief Scientist)	data info
AE2303		2023-01-18	R/V Atlantic Explorer	Steven R. Beaupré (Chief Scientist)	data info

Instruments

CTD Sea-Bird SBE 911plus

Supplied Name: Sea-Bird Electronic SBE CTD

Supplied Description:

Seawater samples were collected from casts using CTD Sea-Bird SBE 911+.

Instrument Type

Generic Name: CTD Sea-Bird SBE 911plus

Acronym: CTD SBE 911plus

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0058/

Generic Description:

The Sea-Bird SBE 911 plus is a type of CTD instrument package for continuous measurement of conductivity, temperature and pressure. The SBE 911 plus includes the SBE 9plus Underwater Unit and the SBE 11plus Deck Unit (for real-time readout using conductive wire) for deployment from a vessel. The combination of the SBE 9 plus and SBE 11 plus is called a SBE 911 plus. The SBE 9 plus uses Sea-Bird's standard modular temperature and conductivity sensors (SBE 3 plus and SBE 4). The SBE 9 plus CTD can be configured with up to eight auxiliary sensors to measure other parameters including dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, fluorescence, light (PAR), light transmission, etc.). more information from Sea-Bird Electronics

Ion Chromatograph

Supplied Name: Dionex dual channel model ICS 6000 high-performance ion chromatograph (ICS-6000 DP)

Supplied Description:

The major ions in each seawater sample were quantified using a Dionex dual channel model ICS 6000 high-performance ion chromatograph (ICS-6000 DP). The anion channel was configured with Thermo Scientific Dionex guard (IonPac AG 18: 4 x 50 mm). The cation channel was configured Dionex Guard (IonPac CG12 A: 4 x 50mm) and analytical (IonPacCG12A: 4 x 250mm) columns and a Thermo Scientific Dionex electrolytically regenerated suppressor (ADRS 600: 4mm). The ion chromatograph was equipped with a Dionex AS-AP autosampler with temperature set at 20 oC. Eluent generator cartridges: 500 MSA, 500 KOH. ICS-6000 pumps. Software: Chromeleon 7.

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Ion Chromatograph

Generic Description:

Ion chromatography is a form of liquid chromatography that measures concentrations of ionic species by separating them based on their interaction with a resin. Ionic species separate differently depending on species type and size. Ion chromatographs are able to measure concentrations of major anions, such as fluoride, chloride, nitrate, nitrite, and sulfate, as well as major cations such as lithium, sodium, ammonium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in the parts-per-billion (ppb) range. (from http://serc.carleton.edu/microbelife/research_methods/biogeochemical/ic.html)

Laboratory Autosampler

Supplied Name: Dionex AS-AP autosampler

Supplied Description:

The ion chromatograph was equipped with a Dionex AS-AP autosampler with temperature set at 20 °C.

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Laboratory Autosampler

Generic Description:

Laboratory apparatus that automatically introduces one or more samples with a predetermined volume or mass into an analytical instrument.

Niskin bottle

Supplied Name: 30 L Niskin bottles

Supplied Description:

Seawater samples were obtained using 30 L Niskin bottles attached to a CTD rosette.

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Niskin bottle

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0412/

Generic Description:

A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24, or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc.

Parameters

Date and time formats are described in python strftime() syntax.

Supplied Name	Supplied description	Supplied Units	Standard Name
Cruise_ID	Cruise ID	unitless	cruise_id
ISO_DateTime_UTC	Date and time of CTD sample collected in format YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM Format: %Y-%m-%dT%H:%MZ	unitless	ISO_DateTime_UTC
CTD_filename	File of CTD deployment	unitless	file_name
Latitude	Latitude of sample collection	decimal degrees	lat
Longitude	Longitude of sample collection	decimal degrees	lon
Station	Sampling station	unitless	station
Cast	CTD cast number	unitless	cast
CTD_Bottle	Number of Niskin bottle from the CTD cast	unitless	bot_Nis
Temperature	Temperature of water from CTD Sensor	degree Celsius	temp
Sampling_Depth	Depth below surface from CTD Sensor	meter (m)	depth
Chloride	Chloride, Cl-, concentration in seawater	Part per thousand (ppt)	chloride
Bromide	Bromide, Br-, concentration in seawater	Part per thousand (ppt)	bromides
Sulfate_Ion	Sulfate, SO42-, concentration in seawater	Part per thousand (ppt)	SO4
Sodium	Sodium, Na+, concentration in seawater	Part per thousand (ppt)	Sodium_cation
Potassium	Potassium, K+, concentration in seawater	Part per thousand (ppt)	K
Magnesium	Magnesium, Mg2+, concentration in seawater	Part per thousand (ppt)	Mg
Calcium	Calcium, Ca2+, concentration in seawater	Part per thousand (ppt)	Calcium_2_cation

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Dataset: Major Inorganic Ions in seawater near the BATS station, cruises AE2113 and AE2303